Podcast
Questions and Answers
Explain the role of the Program Counter (PC) in the Fetch - Execute cycle.
Explain the role of the Program Counter (PC) in the Fetch - Execute cycle.
The Program Counter (PC) holds the RAM address of the next instruction to be processed, guiding the CPU in the sequence of instructions it needs to execute.
What does the Memory Address Register (MAR) do in the Fetch - Execute cycle?
What does the Memory Address Register (MAR) do in the Fetch - Execute cycle?
The MAR stores the RAM address of the instruction that is to be fetched for execution by the CPU.
How does the Memory Data Register (MDR) function during the Fetch - Execute cycle?
How does the Memory Data Register (MDR) function during the Fetch - Execute cycle?
The MDR temporarily holds the instruction that has been transferred from RAM to the CPU, allowing for further processing.
Describe the purpose of the Current Instruction Register (CIR) in the execution process.
Describe the purpose of the Current Instruction Register (CIR) in the execution process.
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What role does the Accumulator (ACC) play in the Fetch - Execute cycle?
What role does the Accumulator (ACC) play in the Fetch - Execute cycle?
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Study Notes
Fetch-Execute Cycle
- The CPU performs the Fetch-Execute cycle millions of times per second to process data and instructions for programs.
Registers
- Registers are small storage spaces in the CPU for temporary data.
- Each register has a specific role crucial to the F-E cycle.
Essential Registers and their Roles
- Program Counter (PC): Holds the address of the next instruction to be processed in RAM.
- Memory Address Register (MAR): Temporarily stores the RAM address to be accessed.
- Memory Data Register (MDR): Stores the instruction fetched from RAM.
- Current Instruction Register (CIR): Holds the instruction being decoded or executed.
- Accumulator (ACC): Stores the result of calculations.
Fetch-Execute Cycle Steps
- The PC holds the address of the next instruction.
- This address is copied into the MAR.
- The CPU fetches the instruction from the RAM address in the MAR and places it in the MDR.
- The instruction in the MDR is copied into the CIR.
- The instruction in the CIR is decoded.
- The instruction is executed.
- Any results are stored in the ACC.
- The cycle repeats starting from step one using the new instruction address from the PC.
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Description
This quiz explores the Fetch-Execute cycle and its essential registers within the CPU. Learn about the roles of the Program Counter, Memory Address Register, and other critical registers involved in processing instructions. Test your understanding of how data is handled during each step of the cycle.
