Fetal Lung Maturity Testing

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What is the most serious and life-threatening complication of a respiratory tract disorder?

Recurrent ear infections

Recurrent skin infections

Recurrent eye infections

Recurrent pulmonary infections (correct)

In airway epithelial cells, what is the layer between the apical surface and mucus called?

Airway surface liquid (ASL) (correct)

Periciliary liquid layer

Mucus layer

Gel layer

What happens to the depth of ASL when CFTR is defective?

It remains unaffected

It is depleted (correct)

It increases

It becomes static

What is the main function of CFTR in the airway epithelial cells?

To allow chloride ions to be drawn from the cell and into the ASL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ENaC in the airway epithelial cells?

To facilitate Na⁺ reabsorption across the apical membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of sodium flowing freely from the ASL and into the cell?

The cilia will be left in the mucous layer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants?

Insufficient production of DPPC Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to accelerate lung maturation in a mother before delivery?

Giving the mother glucocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular ratio that indicates fetal lung maturity?

DPPC to S ratio of 2 or above Signup and view all the answers

In adults, Respiratory Distress Syndrome can occur due to which of the following?

Damage to surfactant-producing pneumocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which protein complex helps regulate excess elastase activity in the lungs during an infection?

α1-antiproteinase and elastase complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants?

Insufficient production of surfactant Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is used to specifically prevent and treat Respiratory Distress Syndrome in newborn infants?

Directly administering surfactant via intratracheal instillation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DPPC in preventing Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants?

It decreases the surface tension of the fluid layer lining the alveoli, aiding reinflation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells in the lungs produce and secrete DPPC, a crucial component of lung surfactant?

Type II pneumocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential treatment for Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants?

Administering exogenous surfactant Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lung surfactant in adult lungs?

To decrease surface tension of the fluid layer lining the alveoli, aiding reinflation Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary components of lung surfactant?

Predominantly lipid with some protein and carbohydrate Signup and view all the answers