18 Questions
What regulates lung liquid reabsorption at/after birth?
Vasopressin and adrenaline
What occurs when a fetus is apneic?
Lung liquid is trapped in the lungs
What is a consequence of lung hypoplasia in newborns?
Thickened inter-alveolar walls
What characterizes the lungs of preterm newborns compared to term newborns?
Impaired oxygen transfer due to thick interalveolar septa
What is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants?
Respiratory distress syndrome
When does lung liquid move into distal airways following breathing onset?
Instantaneously as breathing starts
What is the main cause of respiratory distress in preterm babies?
Immature lung development
In the delivery room, why is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) used for respiratory support in newborns?
To reduce work of breathing
What is a common challenge faced by non-invasive ventilation methods during delivery room care for very preterm infants?
Inability to meet respiratory needs
Why are transient tachypnea of the newborn and pulmonary hypertension seen in some otherwise healthy term babies after birth?
Failure to clear airway liquid after birth
What characteristic differentiates newborn lung physiology from adult lung physiology?
Closer resemblance to fetal lung physiology
What is the potential consequence of persisting elevated airway liquid volumes at birth in predisposing newborns to respiratory distress?
Progression into severe respiratory distress
What is the primary reliance of babies on lung liquid volumes prior to onset of breathing?
Movement of liquid into tissues
Which condition is likely to occur due to abnormal trophoblast invasion during the first trimester?
Preeclampsia
What is a potential consequence of failed decidualization in women with a history of severe preeclampsia?
Recurrent miscarriage
What can be inferred about endometrial stroma cells isolated from women with a history of severe preeclampsia?
They fail to decidualize in vitro
What does the release of toxins into maternal blood by abnormal trophoblast invasion lead to?
Maternal hypertension
How may serum biomarkers related to abnormal decidualization be useful in clinical settings?
To prevent or treat pregnancy disorders like recurrent miscarriage
Test your knowledge on the regulation of lung liquid reabsorption at and after birth, as well as the physical control of fetal lung liquid volume. Understand the impact of various factors like stress, fetal breathing movements, and lung compression on lung development.
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