Fetal Circulation and Placental Role Quiz

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What is the core concept behind fetal circulation?

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has a lower affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin

The mother's circulatory system is directly connected to that of the fetus

The umbilical cord functions as the respiratory center for the fetus

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin (correct)

Why does the fetal circulation work differently from that of born humans?

Because the mother's circulatory system is directly connected to that of the fetus

Because the fetus obtains oxygen and nutrients from the mother through the lungs

Because the fetus has a different circulatory system than born humans

Because the fetus obtains oxygen and nutrients from the mother through the placenta and umbilical cord (correct)

Where does oxygen diffuse from in the placenta to reach the fetus?

Chorionic villus (correct)

Alveolus-like structure

Umbilical vein

Uterine arteries

What role does the placenta play in fetal circulation?

It acts as a site of filtration for plasma nutrients and wastes Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessels carry blood to the placenta?

Uterine arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the umbilical vein in fetal circulation?

Carrying blood from the placenta to the fetus Signup and view all the answers

Why does fetal circulation involve the umbilical cord and placenta?

To allow for exchange of oxygen and nutrients between the mother and fetus Signup and view all the answers

In fetal circulation, what allows for diffusion of oxygen from the mother's circulatory system to the fetus?

Higher affinity of fetal hemoglobin for oxygen than adult hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What substances freely diffuse across the placenta along with oxygen in fetal circulation?

Water, glucose, amino acids, vitamins, and inorganic salts Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fetal hemoglobin (HbF) from adult hemoglobin in terms of its affinity for oxygen?

HbF has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Where does less than a third of the blood from the umbilical vein enter?

Fetal ductus venosus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the opening between the right and left atrium in the fetus?

Foramen ovale Signup and view all the answers

What is the special connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta in the fetus called?

Ductus arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

What causes the closure of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus at birth?

Increase in concentration of oxygen in the blood Signup and view all the answers

Where does more blood flow directly into via the foramen ovale due to higher pressure in the inferior vena cava?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a direct connection between the right and left atria in fetal hearts?

To allow normal development of the left atrium and left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What provides shortcuts for most of the pulmonary circulation system in fetal hearts?

Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus Signup and view all the answers

Before birth, what happens at birth that causes a decrease in resistance in pulmonary vasculature?

The infant breathes for the first time. Signup and view all the answers

Where does most of this blood flow directly into from right atrium to left atrium via a hole bypassing pulmonary circulation?

Left atrium. Signup and view all the answers