Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which one of the following is a correct statement about foetal circulation?
Which one of the following is a correct statement about foetal circulation?
- The foetal circulation is modified by three shunts to avoid the lungs and the liver. (correct)
- The foetal circulation is modified by four shunts to avoid the lungs and the liver.
- The foetal circulation is modified by two shunts to avoid the lungs and the liver.
- The foetal circulation is modified by five shunts to avoid the lungs and the liver.
Which blood vessel carries oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the foetus?
Which blood vessel carries oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the foetus?
- Ductus arteriosus
- Umbilical artery
- Umbilical vein (correct)
- Ductus venosus
What happens to the foramen ovale after birth?
What happens to the foramen ovale after birth?
- It becomes the ligamentum venosum.
- It becomes the round ligament of the liver.
- It remains open and allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium.
- It closes and becomes structurally closed by 4 months. (correct)
What is the consequence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO)?
What is the consequence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO)?
What causes the closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth?
What causes the closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth?
What happens to the umbilical vein after birth?
What happens to the umbilical vein after birth?
Which process is responsible for turning the bilaminar disc into a trilaminar disc?
Which process is responsible for turning the bilaminar disc into a trilaminar disc?
What is the name of the cavity within the blastocyst?
What is the name of the cavity within the blastocyst?
Which germ layer forms the neural plate?
Which germ layer forms the neural plate?
What is the name of the structure that grows from the primitive pit and induces changes in the overlying ectoderm?
What is the name of the structure that grows from the primitive pit and induces changes in the overlying ectoderm?
Which part of the mesoderm will differentiate into somites?
Which part of the mesoderm will differentiate into somites?
What is the name of the process by which cells move through the primitive streak during gastrulation?
What is the name of the process by which cells move through the primitive streak during gastrulation?
Which part of the blastocyst contains the inner cell mass?
Which part of the blastocyst contains the inner cell mass?
What is the name of the structure that appears on day 14 and marks the beginning of gastrulation?
What is the name of the structure that appears on day 14 and marks the beginning of gastrulation?
Which one of the following statements about fetal circulation is correct?
Which one of the following statements about fetal circulation is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the circulation of blood in the fetus and placenta is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the circulation of blood in the fetus and placenta is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and ductus venosus is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, and ductus venosus is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the changes in the circulation of blood in the fetus at the time of birth is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the changes in the circulation of blood in the fetus at the time of birth is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the consequences of non-closure of foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the consequences of non-closure of foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the development of trilaminar disc, the 3 germ layers (ecto, endo and mesoderm), and folding is correct?
Which one of the following statements about the development of trilaminar disc, the 3 germ layers (ecto, endo and mesoderm), and folding is correct?
Flashcards
Fetal circulation shunts
Fetal circulation shunts
Three special pathways in a fetus that divert blood away from the lungs and liver.
Umbilical vein
Umbilical vein
Blood vessel carrying oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus.
Foramen ovale closure
Foramen ovale closure
After birth, the foramen ovale closes, preventing blood from flowing between the atria.
Patent foramen ovale (PFO)
Patent foramen ovale (PFO)
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Ductus arteriosus closure
Ductus arteriosus closure
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Umbilical vein after birth
Umbilical vein after birth
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Gastrulation
Gastrulation
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Blastocele
Blastocele
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Neural plate formation
Neural plate formation
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Notochord
Notochord
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Paraxial mesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
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Epiblast migration
Epiblast migration
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Inner cell mass location
Inner cell mass location
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Primitive streak
Primitive streak
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Fetal circulation (no mixing)
Fetal circulation (no mixing)
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Fetal/placental blood circulation
Fetal/placental blood circulation
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Foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus
Foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus
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Circulation changes at birth
Circulation changes at birth
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Consequences of unclosed shunts
Consequences of unclosed shunts
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Trilaminar disc germ layers and folding
Trilaminar disc germ layers and folding
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Study Notes
Foetal Circulation
- The umbilical vein carries oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the foetus.
- The foramen ovale closes after birth, and failure to close results in a patent foramen ovale (PFO).
- A PFO can cause oxygenated blood from the left atrium to flow back to the right atrium, leading to hypoxia.
- The ductus arteriosus closes after birth due to increased oxygen levels.
Embryonic Development
- The process of gastrulation turns the bilaminar disc into a trilaminar disc.
- The cavity within the blastocyst is called the blastocoel.
- The neural plate is formed from the ectoderm germ layer.
- The primitive streak grows from the primitive pit and induces changes in the overlying ectoderm.
- The mesoderm will differentiate into somites.
- During gastrulation, cells move through the primitive streak through a process called ingression.
- The blastocyst contains the inner cell mass in the embryoblast.
- The primitive streak appears on day 14 and marks the beginning of gastrulation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on fetal circulation and the functions of key structures such as the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. This quiz will assess your understanding of how blood circulates through the fetal heart and the overall circulation in the fetus and placenta.
