22 Questions
What is the primary function of the foramen ovale in a fetus?
To allow oxygenated blood to bypass the lungs
What determines the phenotype of an individual?
The genotype of the individual
What is the role of prolactin in lactation?
To establish and maintain milk supply
What is the primary function of brown fat in infants?
To regulate body temperature
What is the significance of the ductus arterioles in a fetus?
It closes after birth to redirect blood flow to the lungs
What is the term for an individual who has a recessive gene that can be passed on to their offspring?
Carrier
What is the significance of capacitation in sperm?
Preparation of sperm for fertilization, resulting in a thicker membrane over the head
What happens to the surviving sperm during fertilization?
They travel to the tubes in 30-120 minutes and can survive for 3-5 days
What is the function of the acrosomal reaction?
To release the enzymes to penetrate both layers
What happens to the plasma membrane after fertilization?
It depolarizes to prevent more sperm penetration
What is the significance of the fertilization membrane?
It prevents more sperm from penetrating the oocyte
What is the probability of forming fraternal twins?
1% of the time, when 2 oocytes are released and fertilized
During embryonic development, what is the function of the yolk sac?
To provide nourishment to the embryo until the placenta is functional
What is the significance of the primitive streak?
It allows cells to travel and form endoderm or mesoderm
What is the function of the placenta during embryonic development?
To provide nourishment to the embryo until birth
When is the placenta development complete?
By the end of week 12
During weeks 9-12, which of the following processes begins in the bone marrow?
Erythropoiesis
What is the main function of relaxin during pregnancy?
To loosen the pelvis and dilate the cervix
What is the significance of the 'bloody show' during labor?
It indicates the onset of labor
During which stage of childbirth does the fetal head enter the birth canal?
Expulsion stage
What is the primary function of estrogen during pregnancy?
To stimulate fetal development and maternal tissue growth
What is the purpose of the increased production of thyrotropin during pregnancy?
To stimulate the production of thyroid hormone
Learn about the process of fertilization, where a sperm and an oocyte combine to form a zygote. Understand how millions of sperm are killed during fertilization and what happens to the surviving sperm as they travel to the tubes. Discover the role of acidity, cervical mucus, and phagocytic leukocytes in this process.
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