Fertilization Process

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What is the process by which sperm cells prepare to penetrate the oocyte?

Fraternal division

Capacitation (correct)

Fertilization

Depolarization

What is the purpose of the slow block after fertilization?

To destroy remaining sperm receptors (correct)

To allow more sperm to fertilize the oocyte

To facilitate polyspermy

To depolarize the oocyte's plasma membrane

What is the result of two oocytes being released and fertilized?

Fraternal twins (correct)

Monzygotic twins

Identical twins

Dizygotic twins

How long can sperm cells survive inside the female reproductive tract?

3-5 days Signup and view all the answers

What happens when multiple sperm cells try to penetrate the oocyte?

Hundreds of sperm cells slowly degrade the outer cover of the oocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the final result of fertilization?

A diploid zygote Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate amount of breast milk produced by females per infant?

1.5 liters Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the laxative property in breast milk?

To remove bilirubin from the infant Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do humans have in total?

46 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the outward appearance and behavior of an individual?

Phenotype Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a copy of a gene?

Allele Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood type that is an example of co-dominance?

AB Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the time it takes for the offspring to develop?

Gestation Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks of gestation is the offspring called an embryo?

Weeks 3-8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone produced by the uterine mucosa during implantation?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cells forming layers of membranes during the second week of gestation?

Embryonic folding Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a lack of folate in the diet during pregnancy?

Spina bifida Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks of gestation does sexual differentiation occur?

Weeks 9-12 Signup and view all the answers

What is the average weight of a newborn?

5.5-8.8 lbs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hormone relaxin during pregnancy?

To loosen ligaments at the hip joint and dilate the cervix Signup and view all the answers

How many trimesters are there in a pregnancy?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the protrusion of the spinal cord and membranes that can occur during pregnancy?

Spina bifida Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal weight gain for a mother during the second and third trimesters?

1 lb per week Signup and view all the answers

Why does morning sickness occur during pregnancy?

Increase in hormones and decrease in peristalsis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an episiotomy during childbirth?

To cut the posterior vaginal wall and perineum Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the postpartum period?

6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of warmth for a newborn baby?

Brown fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the APGAR score?

To evaluate the baby's overall health Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of breast milk during the first 3 days postpartum?

High in immunoglobulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of prolactin in lactation?

Stimulates the growth of mammary glands Signup and view all the answers

Why does the uterus put pressure on the veins during pregnancy?

To make it harder to return blood to the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the uterus returning to its original size after childbirth?

Involution Signup and view all the answers