32 Questions
What is the duration of gestation in days?
270 days
During which stage of gestation is the offspring called an embryo?
Weeks 3-8
What is the function of the blastocoel?
It becomes the embryo
What is the purpose of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)?
It allows the corpus luteum to survive
What is a complication that can occur if the conceptus implants in a non-desirable location?
Ectopic pregnancy
What is the function of the yolk sac?
It provides nutrients and blood cells to the fetus
During which weeks does the placenta develop?
Weeks 4-12
What is the result of a lack of folate in the diet during pregnancy?
Spina bifida
What is the average weight of a newborn in pounds?
5.5-8.8 lbs
When is conception expected to have occurred?
Day 14 of the ovarian cycle
What is the average amount of breast milk produced by a female per infant?
1.5 liters
What is the property of breast milk that helps remove bilirubin from an infant?
Laxative property
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
What is the term for the outward appearance and behavior of an individual?
Phenotype
What is the term for a copy of a gene?
Allele
What is the term for a gene that is not visible in the phenotype but can still be passed down to offspring?
Recessive gene
What is the normal weight gain for a mother during the second and third trimesters?
1 lbs. per week
Why does morning sickness occur during pregnancy?
Due to an increase in hormones and a decrease in peristalsis
What is the purpose of the episiotomy during childbirth?
To cut the posterior vaginal wall and perineum
What is the average time it takes for the cervix to dilate to 10cm?
6-12 hours
What is the term for the release of the placenta after birth?
Afterbirth
What is the reason babies have difficulty controlling their body temperature?
They have more surface area compared to volume
What is the purpose of the Montgomery glands in breastfeeding?
To secrete oil to prevent chapping or cracking around the nipple
What is the type of milk produced for the first 3 days postpartum?
Colostrum
What is the APGAR score used to assess?
Neonatal health in the first few minutes
What is the reason breastfeeding can't begin until the placenta is out?
The level of progesterone and estrogen is too high
What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm cells?
To facilitate penetration of the oocyte
After fertilization, how does the oocyte ensure no additional sperm penetrate?
Its plasma membrane depolarizes, and proteins remove remaining sperm
What is the typical lifespan of an oocyte in the female reproductive tract?
1 day
What percentage of the time do fraternal twins occur due to the release of multiple oocytes?
1%
What is the final result of the fertilization process?
A diploid zygote
Why do most sperm cells die in the female reproductive tract?
All of the above
Learn about the process of fertilization, where a haploid ovum and a haploid sperm cell combine. Discover how sperm cells navigate through the female reproductive system, overcoming obstacles to reach the oocyte.
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