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Fertilization and Meiosis in Sexual Life Cycles

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Fertilization and Meiosis in Sexual Life Cycles

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Questions and Answers

Which process reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid?

Mitosis

DNA replication

Fertilization

Meiosis (correct)

What would happen if gametes were produced by mitosis instead of meiosis?

Offspring would not survive to adulthood

Offspring would have the same number of chromosomes as the parents

Offspring would have double the number of chromosomes as the parents (correct)

Offspring would have half the number of chromosomes as the parents

Which cells have a haploid set of 23 different chromosomes?

Zygote

Gametes (correct)

Somatic cells

Parental cells

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis has one cell division, meiosis has two Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of meiosis in gamete formation?

To reduce chromosome number by half Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of homologous chromosome pairs in inheritance?

To control different inherited characters Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically distinct daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events is unique to the first division of meiosis (meiosis I)?

Pairing of homologous chromosomes to form tetrads. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossing over during meiosis I?

To increase genetic diversity in the resulting gametes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the second meiotic division (meiosis II) is true?

The processes during meiosis II are identical to those of mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the tetrad formation during meiosis I?

It allows for the exchange of genetic material through crossing over. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the alignment of chromosomes during meiosis I is correct?

Homologous pairs of chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. Signup and view all the answers

What process leads to the separation of alleles during gamete formation?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an organism with two different alleles for a gene?

Heterozygous Signup and view all the answers

In the F2 generation, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of purple to white flowers?

3:1 Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic vocabulary term describes an organism's physical appearance?

Phenotype Signup and view all the answers

What type of gametes can be produced by a Pp plant?

Both P and p gametes Signup and view all the answers

How do homozygotes differ from heterozygotes in terms of true breeding?

Homozygotes are truebreeding, but heterozygotes are not. Signup and view all the answers