Fertilization and Meiosis in Sexual Life Cycles
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Questions and Answers

Which process reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid?

  • Mitosis
  • DNA replication
  • Fertilization
  • Meiosis (correct)

    • What would happen if gametes were produced by mitosis instead of meiosis?

  • Offspring would not survive to adulthood
  • Offspring would have the same number of chromosomes as the parents
  • Offspring would have double the number of chromosomes as the parents (correct)
  • Offspring would have half the number of chromosomes as the parents

    • Which cells have a haploid set of 23 different chromosomes?

  • Zygote
  • Gametes (correct)
  • Somatic cells
  • Parental cells

    • What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis has one cell division, meiosis has two (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of meiosis in gamete formation?

    <p>To reduce chromosome number by half (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of homologous chromosome pairs in inheritance?

    <p>To control different inherited characters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?

    <p>Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically distinct daughter cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following events is unique to the first division of meiosis (meiosis I)?

    <p>Pairing of homologous chromosomes to form tetrads. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crossing over during meiosis I?

    <p>To increase genetic diversity in the resulting gametes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the second meiotic division (meiosis II) is true?

    <p>The processes during meiosis II are identical to those of mitosis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the tetrad formation during meiosis I?

    <p>It allows for the exchange of genetic material through crossing over. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the alignment of chromosomes during meiosis I is correct?

    <p>Homologous pairs of chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process leads to the separation of alleles during gamete formation?

    <p>Meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes an organism with two different alleles for a gene?

    <p>Heterozygous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the F2 generation, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of purple to white flowers?

    <p>3:1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic vocabulary term describes an organism's physical appearance?

    <p>Phenotype (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gametes can be produced by a Pp plant?

    <p>Both P and p gametes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do homozygotes differ from heterozygotes in terms of true breeding?

    <p>Homozygotes are truebreeding, but heterozygotes are not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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