Fermentation in Food Processing
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of fermentation in food processing?

  • To generate energy through the electron transport system
  • To convert carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms (correct)
  • To produce ATP by degrading organic nutrients aerobically
  • To release oxygen as a byproduct of the metabolic process

Which type of fermentation occurs in the presence of oxygen?

  • Aerobic fermentation (correct)
  • Anaerobic respiration
  • Ethanol fermentation
  • Alcoholic fermentation

What is the primary means of producing ATP by the degradation of organic nutrients anaerobically?

  • Alcoholic fermentation
  • Anaerobic respiration
  • Zymology
  • Fermentation (correct)

Which microorganisms typically perform Ethanol/Alcoholic fermentation?

<p>Yeast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates anaerobic fermentation from anaerobic respiration?

<p>The absence of oxygen and electron-accepting molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does zymology refer to in the context of fermentation?

<p>The science of fermentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of alcoholic fermentation?

<p>Ethanol and carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many molecules of ethanol are produced from the fermentation of one molecule of glucose?

<p>Two (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fermentation involves the conversion of pyruvate to lactate without releasing gas?

<p>Homolactic acid fermentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms are involved in transforming sugars to lactic acid in lactic acid fermentations?

<p>Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the phosphoketolase pathway in heterolactic fermentation?

<p>To metabolize lactate further into ethanol and carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes homolactic fermentation from heterolactic fermentation?

<p>Homolactic fermentation produces only lactic acid with no by-products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lactic acid-producing bacteria in food fermentation?

<p>Converting lactose to lactic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a lactic acid-fermented food mentioned in the text?

<p>Yogurt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key role of solid state fermentation in food production?

<p>Acting as both support and nutrient source for microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In solid state fermentation, what are biomolecules that are utilized in food manufacture?

<p>Metabolites generated by microorganisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganisms are commonly encountered in fermentation processes according to the text?

<p>Saccharomyces and lactic acid bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when lactic acid-producing bacteria 'stray' from their intended location according to the text?

<p>They become spoilage organisms with ruinous effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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