Feminist Theory and Movements Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following was a key demand during the 1st Wave Feminism?

Reproductive rights
Intersectionality awareness
Voting rights (correct)
Workplace equality

The Violence Against Women Act was enacted during the 1st Wave Feminism.

False (B)

Name one significant Supreme Court case related to women's reproductive rights during the 2nd Wave Feminism.

Roe v. Wade

The primary focus of _____ Wave Feminism is on the social construction of gender and intersectionality.

3rd Signup and view all the answers

Match the following feminist movements with their key features:

1st Wave Feminism = Voting and educational rights 2nd Wave Feminism = Social equality and reproductive rights 3rd Wave Feminism = Social construction of gender and intersectionality Signup and view all the answers

Which hypothesis suggests that chivalry is selectively extended to middle class and white women?

Selectivity hypothesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Girls receive harsher punitive treatment in the justice system regardless of their socioeconomic status.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the twin effects of chivalry in the context of women in the justice system?

Increased leniency in protection of women and increased harsher treatment for control. Signup and view all the answers

The justice system may 'sexualize' girls' offenses, viewing them as a threat to traditional ____ expectations.

sex-role Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatment of women with its corresponding characteristic:

Poor women = Receive harsher punishments for crimes violating femininity norms Middle-class women = Often favored by chivalry Minority women = Subject to increased punitive treatment Girls with minor status offenses = Undergo a higher rate of arrests Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon called when the juvenile justice system relabels girls from status offenders to delinquent?

Bootstrapping (B) Signup and view all the answers

There was a decrease in girls' arrests for status offenses during the 1970s due to decriminalization.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of offenses did the justice system tend to increase arrests for among girls post-decriminalization in the 1970s?

Minor assault charges Signup and view all the answers

What is a major critique of traditional criminology from a feminist perspective?

It ignores the importance of gender and sex roles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Patriarchy is viewed as a fundamental principle of societal organization in feminist criminology.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Chivalry Hypothesis in the context of feminist criminology?

The Chivalry Hypothesis suggests that the male-dominated justice system displays leniency towards female offenders due to traditional chivalrous attitudes. Signup and view all the answers

Feminism aims to address the ____________ of females in society.

subordination Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts to their definitions:

Patriarchy = A system of societal organization where male privileges are superior Feminist Criminology = An approach that emphasizes gender and sex roles in justice Intersectionality = The recognition of overlapping identities affecting women's experiences Chivalry Hypothesis = The idea that the justice system treats female offenders leniently Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is a focus of contemporary feminist criminology?

Understanding the gender gap in serious crime (A) Signup and view all the answers

Feminist criminology does not acknowledge the importance of women's studies in its development.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do CJ policies reflect male domination according to feminist criminology?

CJ policies reflect male domination by discriminating against women and reinforcing traditional female roles. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant issue addressed by feminist theories of crime regarding existing criminological theories?

They often inadequately account for female crime. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The gender ratio problem questions whether existing theories can explain the gender difference in crime.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate gender ratio of boys to girls in crime according to Esbensen & Winfree (1998)?

1.5:1 Signup and view all the answers

Feminist theories of crime examine issues of ___________ by exploring whether male-oriented theories apply to women.

gender Signup and view all the answers

Match the gender-related issues with their descriptions:

Generalizability = Do male-oriented theories apply to women? Gender ratio problem = Can existing theory explain the gender difference in crime? Female crime invisibility = Inadequate representation of female criminality in theories. Chivalry = Selective leniency based on gender and class in the justice system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'Masculinity hypothesis' suggesting about female crime rates?

Women's movements lead to greater equality and higher female crime rates. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Economic pressures on women lead to a decrease in reliance on economic crime.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the single most distinguishing factor of female inmates?

Prior physical and/or sexual abuse Signup and view all the answers

Women’s liberation movements demand for equal opportunity contributed to ________ in female crime rates.

increases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Economic Marginalization Hypothesis = Suggests that female offenders often face economic hardships. Gendered Pathways Approach = Focuses on life experiences of girls/women involved in crime. Women’s Liberation Movement = Argued for equal rights and opportunities in the late 20th century. Gendered Context Approach = Studies differences in normative expectations for males and females. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the focus of the Gendered Context approach?

It examines the impact of social norms on offending behavior. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The Economic Marginalization hypothesis states that female offenders are primarily wealthy and well-employed.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Gendered Pathways approach, what common experience do many female offenders share?

Physical and/or sexual abuse Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

1st Wave Feminism

A period in the feminist movement, from the mid-19th century to the 1960s, focused on demands for women's suffrage, education, and representation.

2nd Wave Feminism

Feminist movement of the 1960s-1970s, focused on social equality and reproductive rights.

3rd Wave Feminism

A feminist movement focused on intersectionality (considering race, class, & sexuality), challenging a single definition of womanhood.

Intersectionality

The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they create overlapping systems of discrimination or disadvantage.