Recent

  • Show all results for ""

🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Feminist Theories of Religion
45 Questions
1 Views

Feminist Theories of Religion

Created by
@InvaluableEvergreenForest8240

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of denominations and cults?

  • They demand a strong commitment from followers.
  • They accept that there can be many valid interpretations of the faith. (correct)
  • They claim to have the only legitimate interpretation of the faith.
  • They are seen as deviant by wider society.

    • According to Wallis (1984), what is a characteristic of churches and sects?

  • They accept that there can be many valid interpretations of the faith.
  • They claim to have the only legitimate interpretation of the faith. (correct)
  • They are seen as deviant by wider society.
  • They are led by practitioners or therapists.

    • What is a characteristic of world-rejecting NRMs?

  • They have a clear religious belief and seek radical change. (correct)
  • They are breakaways from existing mainstream churches or denominations.
  • They lack conventional features of religion.
  • They focus on worldly matters.

    • What is true about world-accommodating NRMs?

    <p>They are breakaways from existing mainstream churches or denominations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of world-affirming NRMs?

    <p>They lack conventional features of religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sociologists argue about religious organisations?

    <p>They do not fit today's reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cults?

    <p>They are led by practitioners or therapists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about churches?

    <p>They have lost their monopoly of truth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a difference between churches and denominations?

    <p>Churches are seen as legitimate and respectable, while denominations are not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common characteristic of Hinduism and Calvinism, according to Max Weber?

    <p>Ascetic practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Max Weber argue was the main reason for the lack of modern capitalism in Hindu and Confucian societies?

    <p>Different religious belief systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Max Weber's view of social change differ from Marx's?

    <p>Weber believes that cultural aspects also influence social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kautsky, what did Max Weber overestimate in his theory of social change?

    <p>The role of ideas and cultural aspects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Tawney argue is the vital influence in the development of capitalism?

    <p>Technological advancements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did capitalism develop slowly in Scotland, according to Marshall?

    <p>Lack of investment and skilled labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Hinduism and Calvinism, according to Max Weber?

    <p>Hinduism is other-worldly, Calvinism is this-worldly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Hinduism and Confucianism lack, according to Max Weber, that prevented them from developing modern capitalism?

    <p>The drive to develop a modern capitalist system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central argument of Max Weber's theory of social change?

    <p>Cultural aspects, including religious beliefs, influence social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why women are attracted to Pentecostalism?

    <p>The emphasis on asceticism and men's role as breadwinners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the social phenomenon where women are attracted to Pentecostalism despite its patriarchal nature?

    <p>Pentecostal gender paradox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the UK's religious society?

    <p>Multi-ethnic and multi-religious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why black people are more likely to attend church than white people?

    <p>Cultural identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does religion play for minorities according to Bruce (2002)?

    <p>Means of cultural identity and support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason why religion can ease the transition into a new culture?

    <p>It provides a sense of community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Herberg (1955) find about religious participation among immigrants?

    <p>High levels of religious participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Pryce's (1979) study on the African Caribbean community in Bristol?

    <p>Pentecostalism helped African Caribbeans adapt to British society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of women being more likely to be poor?

    <p>Social deprivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for science to thrive as a major social institution?

    <p>Support from other institutions and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of religious organisations according to feminist theories?

    <p>Male domination despite women's participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the norms in science, according to Merton?

    <p>To serve the goal of increasing scientific knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of universalism in science?

    <p>The truth of scientific knowledge is judged by universal standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which women use religion to gain status and respect?

    <p>Entering priesthood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between science and religion, according to Horton?

    <p>Science is an open belief system, while religion is closed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of religious laws and customs according to feminist theories?

    <p>They restrict women's participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the Azande believe is the cause of misfortune?

    <p>Witchcraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of sacred texts according to feminist theories?

    <p>They feature male figures such as gods or prophets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of religion according to the concept of religion as a conservative force?

    <p>To hold beliefs and functions that conserve or preserve things in stabilising society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Azande belief about witchcraft?

    <p>Witchcraft is a psychic power that can cause unintentional harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a traditionalist custom upheld by many religions?

    <p>Patriarchal headed family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the social function of witchcraft beliefs in Azande society, according to Evans-Pritchard?

    <p>To prevent grudges and promote social harmony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the benge ritual in Azande society?

    <p>To investigate accusations of witchcraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symbolic significance of wearing hijab to Muslim women?

    <p>A symbol of liberation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of liberal Protestant organisations?

    <p>They are committed to gender equality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of being accused of witchcraft in Azande society?

    <p>The accused can apologize and promise to stop bewitching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that saw the establishment of a single patriarchal figure of god?

    <p>The development of monotheistic religions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Feminist Theories of Religion

    • Religious organizations, places of worship, sacred texts, and religious laws and customs often perpetuate patriarchy, with women being given fewer rights and opportunities.
    • Armstrong argues that earlier religions placed women at the center, but the development of monotheistic religions led to a patriarchal figure of God.
    • Woodhead (2009) notes that while oppression is present in many religions, it's not true of all religions.
    • Wearing the hijab is seen as a symbol of liberation by some Muslim women, allowing them to enter public spheres without being condemned as immodest.
    • Women use religion to gain status and respect within the private sphere, participating in activities like Bible studies to share their experiences.

    Religion and Social Change

    Religion as a Conservative Force

    • Religion often defends traditionalist customs, upholding conservative beliefs about morality and favoring a patriarchal headed family.
    • It holds beliefs and functions that conserve or preserve things in stabilizing society.
    • However, some societies have had higher levels of economic development without developing modern capitalism, which Weber argues is due to a lack of a religious belief system like Calvinism.

    Evaluation of Weber

    • Weber's views differ from Marx's, who believed that economic factors solely drive social change.
    • Kautsky (1926) argues that Weber overestimates the role of ideas and underestimates economic factors in bringing capitalism.
    • Tawney (1926) believes that technology plays a vital role in capitalism, not religious ideas.

    Types of Religious Organizations

    • Wallis (1984) highlights two characteristics of similarities and differences: how they see themselves and how they're seen by wider society.
    • Churches and denominations are seen as respectable and legitimate, while sects and cults are seen as deviant.

    New Religious Movements (Wallis)

    • World-rejecting NRMs: highly critical of the outside world, seeking radical change, and desiring salvation.
    • World-accommodating NRMs: breakaways from mainstream churches, focusing on religious rather than worldly matters.
    • World-affirming NRMs: lacking conventional features of religion, offering access to spiritual or supernatural powers.

    Social Deprivation and Pentecostalism

    • Social deprivation explains why women are more likely to be poor and attracted to sects.
    • Pentecostalism has grown in recent years, but is generally seen as patriarchal due to its male church leaders.
    • Women are attracted to Pentecostalism due to its ascetic way of life and requirement for men to be breadwinners.

    Ethnicity and Religiosity

    • The UK is now a multi-ethnic, multi-religious society, with varying differences in religious participation patterns.
    • Reasons for ethnic differences include religion offering support and a sense of cultural identity, especially in uncertain or hostile environments.

    The CUDOS Norms

    • Merton (2007) argues that science needs an 'ethos' or set of norms to make scientists act in ways that serve the goal of increasing scientific knowledge.
    • Four such norms: communism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism.

    Closed Belief Systems

    • Opposing science, religion is a closed belief system that cannot be challenged.
    • Horton (1973) distinguishes between open and closed belief systems, with science being open and religion being closed.

    Witchcraft among the Azande

    • The Azande believe that misfortune is due to witchcraft, and they have a ritual to investigate.
    • The Azande regard witchcraft as a psychic power coming from the intestines, which allows the accused to apologize and promise no further bewitching.
    • Evans-Pritchard argues that this belief system performs useful social functions, such as preventing grudges and forcing neighbors to act accordingly.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz explores feminist perspectives on religion, examining how patriarchal societies influence religious organisations, places of worship, sacred texts, and religious laws and customs.

    More Quizzes Like This

    How much do you know about Feminist Anthropology?
    9 questions

    Feminist Anthropology Quiz: Test Your Knowledge from a Feminist Perspe...

    Quizgecko avatar
    Quizgecko
    Feminist Theory Quiz
    5 questions

    Feminist Perspective Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Feminist Theories

    AngelicJadeite7586 avatar
    AngelicJadeite7586
    Feminist Therapy Chapter 12 Flashcards
    14 questions

    Feminist Therapy Chapter 12 Flashcards

    UnparalleledEcoArt avatar
    UnparalleledEcoArt
    Sociological Theory: Feminist Theory Flashcards
    20 questions

    Sociological Theory: Feminist Theory Flashcards

    GrandDwarf5939 avatar
    GrandDwarf5939
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser