Female Reproductive System: Ovarian and Endometrial Cycles

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What is the primary function of the decidua basalis?

To establish circulation with the uterine wall
To form the maternal placenta (correct)
To provide nutrition for the developing embryo
To form the amniotic cavity

What is the term for the placenta becoming abnormally adherent and invading too deeply into the uterus?

Placenta accreta (correct)
Placenta previa
Placenta separation
Placenta abruption

Which part of the decidua lies over the developing embryo?

Decidual plate
Decidua parietalis
Decidua basalis
Decidua capsularis (correct)

What is the result of the abnormal placental attachment?

Serious maternal blood loss (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the deeper attachment of the placenta into the myometrium?

Placenta increta (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the decidua in relation to the embryo?

To protect the embryo from maternal immune cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the nucleus of superficial cells in a cervical smear?

Pyknotic with no visible nuclear detail (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a basophilic or cyanophilic cytoplasm?

Intermediate cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cells found in the basal layer of the cervix?

Smaller cells with basophilic nuclei (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of menopause on genital structures?

They become more atrophic (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the endocervical cells?

They have a columnar nature (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an atrophic cervix?

It has a small number of layers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the endometrium during menopause?

The stratum basalis remains with very few and inactive glands (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the early proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle?

Very few glands (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the corpus luteum after ovulation?

It survives for about 10-14 days (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the late secretory phase of the endometrial cycle?

Sawtooth pattern of glands (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the follicle that is ready to release the ovum?

Graafian follicle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the remains of the ovary after the release of the ovum?

Corpus luteum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelial lining is present in the endocervical canal?

Simple Columnar (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mucus produced by the endocervix during the proliferative phase?

To produce thin and watery secretions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical characteristic of the mucus produced by the endocervix after ovulation?

Thick and highly viscid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the leucocytic infiltrate in the superficial stroma of the endocervix?

To fight off microorganisms (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the squamocolumnar junction?

It's the transformation zone between the ecto- and endocervix (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be seen in the cervical stroma at the squamocolumnar junction?

Leucocytic infiltrate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high levels of prolactin on ovulation?

It suppresses production of LH and inhibits ovulation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lactiferous ducts in the mammary glands?

To drain each lobe of the mammary gland (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lamina propria in the mammary glands?

It is composed of dense connective tissue with smooth muscle bundles (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the alveoli during pregnancy and lactation?

They grow and expand (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the ducts in active/lactating mammary glands?

They are lined by a double layer of cuboidal cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the ovary?

Tunica albuginea (B) Signup and view all the answers