Female Reproductive Anatomy Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What structure is a homologue of the male penis in female anatomy?

Labial fissure

Vulva

Clitoral fossa

Clitoris (correct)

Which part of the female reproductive tract serves as a common opening for both urinary and genital tracts?

Vestibule (correct)

Cervix

Vulva

Clitoral fossa

What is the location of the clitoral sinuses in the mare's anatomy?

In the labial fissure

On the dorsal commissure

Within the vaginal cavity

On the periphery of the glans (correct)

What is the function of the urethral tubercle in the vestibule of a bitch?

Acts as a landmark for urinary drainage Signup and view all the answers

What condition is indicated by the presence of contagious equine metritis in female reproductive examinations?

A bacterial disease Signup and view all the answers

What differs in the dorsal and ventral commissures of the vulva in a bitch?

Dorsal is rounded; ventral is pointed Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical component supports the structure of the female reproductive system but is not specifically described regarding its blood supply?

Broad ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary blood supply to the uterus in cows?

Umbilical artery Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the broad ligament is responsible for supporting the ovaries?

Mesovarium Signup and view all the answers

The oviduct can be divided into how many parts?

Three parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae in the oviduct?

Facilitates fertilization Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature connects the uterine tube to the uterine horn?

Tubouterine junction Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is commonly involved in pyometra?

Uterus Signup and view all the answers

In addition to the ovarian artery, which artery provides blood supply to the uterus in mares?

External iliac artery Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

Oviduct Signup and view all the answers

Which artery branches from the internal iliac artery to supply the uterus?

Vaginal artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

It holds the ovary in a relatively fixed position Signup and view all the answers

How does the blood supply to the right and left ovaries differ?

Right drains into the caudal vena cava Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments are involved in the support of the ovary?

Suspensory ligament and proper ligament Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature differentiates the ovary structure in mares from other species?

Reversed ovarian medulla and cortex Signup and view all the answers

Where does ovulation occur in the mare's ovary?

At the ovulation fossa Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the ovary to the uterine horn?

Proper ligament of the ovary Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ovarian artery?

To supply blood to the ovary and uterine tube Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the suspensory ligament during an ovariohysterectomy?

It is cut to free the ovary Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is primarily served by the left ovarian vein?

Left renal vein Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Female Genital Organs

Vulva: External opening of the female reproductive tract.
- Labia: Two folds of tissue that surround the vulva.
  - Labial fissure: Opening between the labia.
  - Dorsal commissure: Rounded region at the top of the vulva.
  - Ventral commissure: Pointed region at the bottom of the vulva.
Clitoral fossa: Depression near the ventral commissure containing the clitoris.
- Clitoris: Homologue of the male penis, composed of erectile tissue.
  - Clitoral sinuses: Located on the periphery of the clitoris in mares.
CEM (Contagious Equine Metritis) testing: Samples collected from the clitoral sinuses, clitoral fossa, cervix, or endometrium for diagnosis.
Vestibule: Space between the vagina and vulva.
- Urethral tubercle: Projection on the vestibulovaginal junction in the bitch.
Ovary: Female gonad.
- Suspensory ligament of the ovary: Courses between the ovary and body wall, fixing the ovary's position.
- Proper ligament of the ovary: Courses between the ovary and uterine horn.
- Mesovarium: Connects the ovary to the broad ligament.
Ovary in mares: Medulla and cortex are reversed compared to other species.
- Ovulation fossa: Single location for ovulation in mares.
Blood supply to the ovary and uterine tube:
- Ovarian artery: Provides main blood supply.
- Ovarian vein: Right vein drains into the caudal vena cava, left vein drains into the left renal vein.
Blood supply to the uterus:
- Canine: Internal iliac artery → internal pudendal artery → vaginal artery → uterine artery.
- Cow: Umbilical artery → uterine artery.
- Mare: External iliac artery → uterine artery.
Uterine tube (oviduct, Fallopian tube, salpinx):
- Fertilization occurs here.
- Divided into three parts:
  - Infundibulum: Funnel-shaped opening to the uterine tube.
    - Fimbriae: Finger-like projections on the infundibulum.
    - Abdominal ostium: Opening between the infundibulum and ampulla.
  - Ampulla: Middle and widest part of the uterine tube.
  - Isthmus: Narrow, muscular part connecting to the uterine horn.
  - Tubouterine junction: Where the uterine tube opens into the uterine horn.
Uterus: Area for attachment of fertilized ova and fetal nourishment.
- Bicornuate: Two horns extending and converging towards the body.
- Suspended by the mesometrium: Provides support.
- Consists of:
  - Cervix: Lower, constricted portion.
  - Body: Extends caudally from the horns to the cervix.
  - Horns: Cranial end of each horn connects to the ovary via the proper ligament of the ovary.
    - Round ligament of the uterus: Extends from the uterus to the inguinal region.
Cervix: Isolates the uterus from the external environment.
- Cervical canal: Passageway within the cervix.
- Internal uterine ostium: Opening from the cervix to the body of the uterus.
- External uterine ostium: Opening from the cervix to the vagina.
- Folds:
  - Cow: Circular folds.
  - Mare: Longitudinal folds.
  - Sow: Interdigitating mucosal prominences.
Body: Extends caudally from the unity of the horns to the cervix.
Horns:
- Cow: Intercornual ligaments (dorsal and ventral) support the horns.
Caruncles: Oval or round thickenings in the uterus.
- Cow, ewe, and goat: Only site for attachment of fetal membranes.
- Cow: Convex.
- Ewe: Concave.

Pyometra

Infection of the uterus. Possible treatment:
- C-section.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the structures and functions of female reproductive anatomy. This quiz covers various aspects including homologues, common openings, and associated conditions. Perfect for veterinary students or anyone interested in animal anatomy.