204 Pathology of Female Genital Tract 2: Ovaries

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Questions and Answers

During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, what is the state of the endometrium?

  • Secretory
  • Luteal
  • Proliferative (correct)
  • Menstrual

What is the primary reason ovaries are removed in patients with breast cancer?

  • To remove the source of testosterone
  • To remove the source of oestrogen (correct)
  • To remove the source of progesterone
  • To remove the source of estrogen receptors

What is the name of the structure that develops from a follicle after ovulation?

  • Follicular cyst
  • Graafian follicle
  • Corpus luteum (correct)
  • Corpus albicantis

What is the characteristic of the cells of the Corpus Luteum on microscopic examination?

<p>They are pale and appear white (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Corpus luteum?

<p>To secrete progesterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that remains after the Corpus luteum has degenerated?

<p>Corpus albicantis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of specimens are submitted to the lab from the ovary?

<p>Surgical and biopsy specimens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds the ovum in a developing ovarian follicle?

<p>Pink wall (zona pellucida) and follicular cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of the intact cyst in Case 1?

<p>475g (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the fluid inside the multilocular cyst?

<p>‘Dirty’ fluid with greasy material (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which germ cell layer does bone originate from?

<p>Mesoderm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication of torsion of an ovarian cyst?

<p>Rupture with resultant peritonitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the hair color inside a dermoid cyst?

<p>Genetic makeup of the patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is torsion of an ovarian cyst?

<p>Twisting of the cyst on its pedicle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tissues is derived from the endoderm germ cell layer?

<p>Large bowel mucosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cyst in Case 1?

<p>Multilocular with ‘dirty’ fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cell of origin for surface epithelial tumours?

<p>Surface epithelial cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with post-menopausal bleeding. What type of stromal tumour may be responsible for this symptom?

<p>Granulosa cell tumour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a cyst?

<p>A closed hollow lesion lined by epithelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumour that arises from the three germ cell layers?

<p>Teratoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of ovarian tumours based on?

<p>Tissue of origin, macroscopic appearance, and contents of the cyst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of serous cystic tumours?

<p>Secrete watery fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the 26-year-old woman not have an MRI or CT scan?

<p>Because she was pregnant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumour that may have eyes and limbs?

<p>Teratoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What question would a GP ask a female patient during a consultation?

<p>When was your last menstrual period? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of test would a GP perform in their office after examining the patient?

<p>Pregnancy test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the MRI scan of the ovarian cyst reveal?

<p>A unilocular cyst with no complex structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organ is the cyst 'sitting' on, according to the MRI?

<p>Bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom did the patient experience due to the ovarian cyst?

<p>Increased frequency of urination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What other possible symptoms could the patient have experienced due to the ovarian cyst?

<p>Constipation and shortness of breath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the gynaecologist drain the cyst prior to surgery?

<p>To reduce the risk of bursting the cyst during surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fluid did the gynaecologist drain from the cyst?

<p>Dark watery fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common presentation of ovarian tumours in post-menopausal women?

<p>Abdominal distension and weight gain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the variation in nuclear size and shape of tumour cells?

<p>Pleomorphism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the twisting of an ovarian cyst/tumour on its pedicle, leading to an acute abdomen?

<p>Torsion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the ovarian tumour in Case 4?

<p>Multilocular and haemorrhagic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological diagnosis of the ovarian tumour in Case 4?

<p>Poorly differentiated serous adenocarcinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mitotic figures in the ovarian tumour in Case 4?

<p>Indicates a malignant tumour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the volume of fluid drained from the ovarian cyst in Case 5?

<p>12 litres (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal connection between the ovarian tumour and the bowel in Case 4?

<p>Adhesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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