Female Genital System Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the ciliated cells in the fallopian tube?

To secrete mucus that nourishes the ovum

To aid in the movement of the ovum towards the uterus (correct)

To absorb nutrients from the bloodstream

To produce hormones that stimulate ovulation

What is the main function of the simple tubular glands in the endometrium?

To absorb nutrients from the bloodstream

To produce hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle

To secrete mucus that nourishes the embryo (correct)

To provide a barrier against infection

What is the layer of the uterus that consists of loose connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium?

Endometrium

Musculosa

Myometrium

Perimetrium (correct)

What is the main difference between the functional zone and the basal zone of the endometrium?

The functional zone is more prone to shedding than the basal zone Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological structure of the mucosa in the fallopian tube?

Simple columnar epithelium with ciliated and secretory cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the muscular layer of the uterus called?

Myometrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the simple tubular glands in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle?

To secrete mucus that nourishes the embryo Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the fallopian tube?

Serosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following layers of the myometrium is composed of inner part III muscle fibers?

Submucosal layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the menstrual cycle?

28 days Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium break down and bleeding occurs?

Menstrual phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickness of the endometrium during the menstrual phase?

0.5 mm Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for controlling the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of endometrial glands during the secretory phase?

Coiled and dilated Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelium is present in the endometrial glands during the proliferative phase?

Simple columnar Signup and view all the answers

What is the main composition of the endometrium during the menstrual phase?

Basal zone Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum thickness of the endometrium during the secretory phase due to secretions and stromal edema?

5 mm Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the ectocervix?

Stratified squamous epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of mucus in the lumen of the vagina?

Cervical glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the wall of the cervix?

Dense CT with 85% elastic fibers Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the vagina?

Stratified squamous epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

5th-14th Day Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the fallopian tube?

Simple columnar ciliated epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the musculosa layer of the vagina?

Inner circular and outer longitudinal smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fallopian Tubes

Consist of 3 layers: mucosa, musculosa, and serosa
Mucosa:
- Highly folded, obliterating the lumen
- Epithelium: simple columnar (ciliated and secretory cells)
- C.T. corium
Musculosa: inner and outer longitudinal smooth muscle
Serosa: loose C.T., covered by simple squamous epithelium

Uterus

Consists of 3 layers: endometrium (mucosa), myometrium (musculosa), and perimetrium (serosa)
Endometrium:
- Epithelium: simple columnar (ciliated and secretory cells)
- Lamina propria: contains simple tubular glands (lined by simple columnar cells) and C.T. with fibroblasts and ground substance
Endometrial zones:
- Functional zone: superficial zone, undergoes severe changes during menstrual cycles
- Basal zone: deep zone, no changes during cycles
Myometrium: thick smooth muscle, formed of 3 layers (submucosal, vascular, and supravascular)

Menstrual Cycle

Duration: 28 days
Phases:
- Menstrual (Destructive) phase: 1st-5th day
  - Endometrium thickness: 0.5 mm (thin)
  - Functional zone detaches
- Proliferative (Follicular-Estrogenic) phase: 5th-14th day
  - Hormonal control: estrogen from ovarian follicles
  - Endometrium thickness: 2-3 mm
- Secretory (Luteal-Progestational) phase: 14th-28th day
  - Hormonal control: progesterone from corpus luteum
  - Endometrium thickness: 5 mm (maximum)

Cervix of Uterus

Mucosa:
- Epithelium: mucus-secreting simple columnar epith. (endocervix) and stratified squamous epith. (ectocervix)
- Corium: C.T. containing cervical mucous glands
Wall: dense C.T. (85%) + elastic fibers + few smooth muscle fibers

Vagina

Wall contains no mucous glands
Mucus in lumen comes from cervical glands
Structure:
- Mucosa: non-keratinized stratified squamous epith. and lamina propria with C.T. and elastic fibers
- Musculosa: inner and outer longitudinal smooth muscle
- Adventitia: C.T. with thick elastic fibers, providing great elasticity

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Description

A quiz about the anatomy and histology of the female genital system, including ovarian follicles, Graafian follicle, corpus luteum, ovogenesis, and the uterus.