Feline Medicine and Therapeutics
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What risk is associated with the use of certain topical substances in cats?

  • Rapid accumulation of medications
  • Exposure to toxic compounds (correct)
  • Decreased susceptibility to infections
  • Increased drug metabolism

    • What is a significant concern when administering phenytoin to cats?

  • Increased effectiveness of the drug
  • Long half-life leading to toxicity (correct)
  • Decreased risk of adverse effects
  • Enhanced drug metabolism

    • What adverse effect has been linked to azathioprine in cats?

  • Improved immune responses
  • Increased appetite
  • Bone marrow suppression (correct)
  • Rapid recovery from infections

    • Why might anorexic cats be at a greater risk for adverse drug reactions?

    <p>Due to reduced drug metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect repellent is noted to be lethal to cats if ingested?

    <p>Permethrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary metabolic phase affected in cats that leads to drug disposition differences compared to dogs?

    <p>Phase II metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What deficiency in cats contributes to a prolonged half-life of certain drugs?

    <p>Glucuronyl transferase deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is specifically noted for having a prolonged half-life in cats due to metabolism differences?

    <p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age groups in cats are more susceptible to adverse drug effects?

    <p>Both pediatric and geriatric animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could cause increased risk of drug toxicity in cats?

    <p>Excretion of drugs as glucuronide conjugates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs can cause severe toxicity in cats?

    <p>Paracetamol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do glucuronyl transferases play in drug metabolism?

    <p>They are responsible for drug conjugation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pharmacodynamic effect differs between cats and dogs regarding morphine?

    <p>Toxicity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic change is commonly associated with the transition of FECV to FIP?

    <p>Loss of the 3c gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method involves analyzing the aqueous humor for elevated proteins?

    <p>Complete Blood Count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical feature is characteristic of the Wet (Effusive) Form of FIP?

    <p>Non-granulomatous fluid accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transmission route for FIP in cats?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Dry (Non-effusive) Form of FIP, which organ is commonly involved?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody titer level is generally indicative of FIP in cats?

    <p>Titers &gt;1:1600</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary features of the Rivalta's Test?

    <p>Detects exudates in body cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key feature of FIP related to cellular changes?

    <p>Loss in cell tropism from epithelium to macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What metabolic process is well-developed in cats compared to dogs?

    <p>Sulfation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic pathway may result in active metabolites in cats?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant pharmacokinetic difference exists between cats and dogs regarding succinylcholine?

    <p>Metabolized more slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome for phase I metabolites in cats?

    <p>They are often inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of drug metabolism in cats?

    <p>Well-developed acetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In feline therapeutics, what is the impact of glucuronidation on drug safety?

    <p>Has a wide safety margin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily characterizes the difference in drug dosing regimens between cats and dogs?

    <p>Species-specific metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the metabolism of drugs in cats generally differ from that in dogs?

    <p>Cats exhibit greater pharmacokinetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common hematologic abnormality observed in cats during the acute stage of FIV infection?

    <p>Leukopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment should be avoided in FIV-positive cats to help maintain accurate serological diagnosis?

    <p>Immunosuppressive drugs and steroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preventing FIV in cats?

    <p>Preventing exposure by keeping cats indoors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What abnormality might be observed in the biochemical profile of FIV-infected cats?

    <p>Azotemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated about the use of the bicyclam AMD3100 in the treatment of FIV?

    <p>It significantly decreases proviral load in naturally infected cats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be considered a secondary treatment option for FIV-positive cats?

    <p>Administering antiviral medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication does neutrophilia address in FIV-positive cats?

    <p>Increased risk of secondary infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does hypergammaglobulinemia have in FIV-positive cats?

    <p>It suggests an increased protein and globulin concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Feline Medicine and Therapeutics

    • Metabolism in cats involves Phase I and Phase II processes, primarily occurring in the liver, impacting drug disposition.
    • Cats exhibit unique anatomical and physiological traits affecting drug metabolism, especially glucuronidation, where they may lack certain transferases (UGTs).
    • Phase I metabolism converts drugs into more polar metabolites through oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis, with some metabolites being inactive.
    • Phase II metabolism, which predominantly influences drug disposition differences between cats and dogs, is where conjugation reactions like glucuronidation and sulfation take place.
    • Cats are relatively deficient in glucuronidation which can lead to prolonged drug half-lives and increased toxicity risks for drugs like aspirin and paracetamol.
    • Sulfation is well-developed in cats when compared to dogs, and acetylation is notably proficient in this species.
    • Some drugs, such as succinylcholine and paracetamol, are metabolized differently between cats and dogs, leading to potential toxicity risks in cats due to their metabolism.
    • Pediatric and geriatric cats are particularly vulnerable to adverse drug effects due to altered drug distribution and metabolism.
    • Age affects pharmacokinetics, leading to variability in drug response and potential toxicities.

    Toxicities in Cats

    • Drugs contraindicated for use in cats include chloramphenicol and azathioprine due to significant adverse effects.
    • Phenolic disinfectants and concentrated permethrin pose toxicity risks if cats are exposed.
    • Treatments like phenytoin can lead to rapid drug accumulation, causing sedation, ataxia, or anorexia.

    Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

    • FIP has two forms:
      • Wet (Effusive) Form: Characterized by fluid accumulation in body cavities.
      • Dry (Non-effusive) Form: Involves granulomatous lesions without excessive fluid.
    • Transmission of FIP occurs via the fecal-oral route with cats shedding the virus in feces.
    • Clinical diagnosis may involve increased protein levels and inflammatory markers in samples from the aqueous humor or cerebrospinal fluid.
    • Diagnostic tests such as Rivalta's test can indicate exudates associated with effusive FIP.

    Clinical Features of FIP

    • Acute stages often show nonspecific abnormalities with leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and sometimes hypergammaglobulinemia.
    • Azotemia and the potential role of FIV in renal disease remain areas of ongoing investigation.

    Prevention and Control of FIV

    • Keeping cats indoors, spaying/neutering, and minimizing stress are critical measures against FIV exposure.
    • A whole inactivated virus vaccine for FIV has been available commercially since 2002 in the USA and 2004 in Australia and New Zealand but is not recommended in Europe due to interference with serological diagnosis.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Feline Medicine and Therapeutics PDF

    Description

    This quiz delves into the metabolic processes of cats, specifically focusing on Phase I and Phase II drug metabolism. It highlights the unique anatomical and physiological traits of felines and discusses how these influence drug disposition, including the significances of glucuronidation and sulfation. Test your understanding of how these factors contribute to drug safety and efficacy in cats.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser