Feline Mammary Gland Disorders

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What is the known cause of mammary tumors in mice?

Nutrition

Oncornavirus (correct)

Hormones

Genetics

Which genes are significantly associated with mammary tumors in humans?

ER and PR

BRCA1 and BRCA2 (correct)

hGH and IGF-1

p53 and PTEN

How does obesity mediate breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women?

By inhibiting aromatase activity

By increasing circulating free testosterone levels

By increasing circulating free estrogen levels (correct)

By reducing local estrogen production

Which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to be significantly associated with canine mammary tumors?

One SNP in exon 9 of BRCA1 and one SNP in exon 24 of BRCA2 Signup and view all the answers

What treatment approach has been beneficial in treating inflammatory mammary carcinoma in dogs?

NSAID piroxicam Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as affecting the prognosis of mammary tumors in dogs?

Histologic diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

In cats, what is the median survival time for tumors >3 cm in diameter?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the current dogma regarding reducing the lifetime risk for mammary neoplasia in dogs?

Prepubertal ovariectomy or ovariohysterectomy Signup and view all the answers

Which malignancy treatment approach is mentioned as having an antitumor effect in other malignancies?

Metronomic low-dose therapy Signup and view all the answers

What did a systematic review of the literature find regarding the association between age at spaying and the risk of mammary neoplasia?

'Age at spaying' has a weak association with risk Signup and view all the answers

Which species has the highest prevalence of mammary neoplasia?

Dogs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of metastasis for mammary carcinomas in both dogs and cats?

Regional lymph nodes and lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate risk reduction of mammary neoplasia in intact bitches with ovariectomy before the first estrus?

95% Signup and view all the answers

In dogs, which glands are more often involved in mammary tumors?

Two posterior glands Signup and view all the answers

Which breed of dogs might have an increased overall cancer risk associated with early-age ovariectomy?

Golden Retrievers Signup and view all the answers

What type of mammary tumors are most common in cats?

Adenocarcinomas Signup and view all the answers

At what age do cats experience a significant reduction in the risk of mammary carcinoma development if spayed?

< 6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of metastasis for canine mammary tumors?

Regional lymph nodes and lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor type may contain grossly recognizable bone or cartilage on the cut surface?

Mixed mammary tumors Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is more frequently involved in mammary tumors in cats compared to dogs?

Anterior glands Signup and view all the answers

In cats, which factor does not affect feline mammary carcinoma development?

Parity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of feline mammary hypertrophy?

Commonly diagnosed through thoracic radiographs Signup and view all the answers

Why are fine-needle aspirates considered a good diagnostic option for mammary tumors in dogs and cats?

They are less invasive compared to histopathology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment option for mammary tumors in dogs and cats?

Lumpectomy Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with malignant mammary tumors?

Low nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio Signup and view all the answers

Why is there no consensus on the best surgical procedure for treating mammary tumors in dogs and cats?

The wide variation in tumor types and locations Signup and view all the answers

Which factor makes evaluating the response to adjuvant chemotherapy difficult for canine mammary tumors?

Half of the diagnosed malignant tumors do not behave as such Signup and view all the answers

What has been shown to potentiate G0/G1 arrest in cell cycle progression when used in conjunction with doxorubicin?

Deracoxib Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging technique has moderate sensitivity and specificity to predict malignancy in neoplastic mammary tissue?

Ultrasound elastography Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of feline mammary hypertrophy?

Rapid growth of one or more mammary glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Robinson's grading system in fine-needle aspirates?

To evaluate cellular characteristics indicating malignancy Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is NOT helpful in predicting malignancy using B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography?

Cellular pleomorphism Signup and view all the answers

Why is chemotherapy not considered an effective treatment for mammary tumors in dogs?

Chemotherapy has not shown survival benefits in dogs Signup and view all the answers