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What percentage of children experienced feeding disorders in both studies?
What percentage of children experienced feeding disorders in both studies?
Which of the following is NOT a category of causes for feeding disorders identified in studies?
Which of the following is NOT a category of causes for feeding disorders identified in studies?
What was the size of the bolus that resulted in an acceptable residue size of a grain of rice?
What was the size of the bolus that resulted in an acceptable residue size of a grain of rice?
Which medical condition is frequently associated with feeding disorders?
Which medical condition is frequently associated with feeding disorders?
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According to the studies, what role do biological factors play in feeding disorders?
According to the studies, what role do biological factors play in feeding disorders?
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What was the bolus size used for the child in Kadey et al. 's study?
What was the bolus size used for the child in Kadey et al. 's study?
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Why is there a dearth of applied-behavior-analytic research concerning children with feeding disorders?
Why is there a dearth of applied-behavior-analytic research concerning children with feeding disorders?
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How many categories of causes were identified among children with feeding disorders?
How many categories of causes were identified among children with feeding disorders?
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What is a key limitation of the provided definition of chewing patterns in children?
What is a key limitation of the provided definition of chewing patterns in children?
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How is mastication defined in the study referenced?
How is mastication defined in the study referenced?
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What may children with chronic medical conditions associate with the act of eating?
What may children with chronic medical conditions associate with the act of eating?
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What is the impact of nausea on children's eating behaviors according to the research?
What is the impact of nausea on children's eating behaviors according to the research?
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Which condition is associated with pain during eating due to excess acid in the esophagus?
Which condition is associated with pain during eating due to excess acid in the esophagus?
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What is the estimated prevalence of feeding disorders in children with chronic medical problems?
What is the estimated prevalence of feeding disorders in children with chronic medical problems?
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How might food aversions generalize according to the study findings?
How might food aversions generalize according to the study findings?
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What role does paediatric mastication play in the development of feeding issues?
What role does paediatric mastication play in the development of feeding issues?
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What type of problems does advanced mastication check try to address?
What type of problems does advanced mastication check try to address?
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What is an important factor in the treatment resistance of food aversions?
What is an important factor in the treatment resistance of food aversions?
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What is the primary goal when using simultaneous presentation in functional analysis?
What is the primary goal when using simultaneous presentation in functional analysis?
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What aspect of feeding disorders requires a refinement in functional-analysis procedures?
What aspect of feeding disorders requires a refinement in functional-analysis procedures?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential focus of a feeding intervention based on the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT a potential focus of a feeding intervention based on the provided content?
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Which method has been evaluated to treat food selectivity in children with autism?
Which method has been evaluated to treat food selectivity in children with autism?
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What is indicated as a necessary factor to effectively prescribe feeding interventions?
What is indicated as a necessary factor to effectively prescribe feeding interventions?
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What functioned as positive reinforcement for inappropriate mealtime behavior in 8 out of 10 children?
What functioned as positive reinforcement for inappropriate mealtime behavior in 8 out of 10 children?
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Which of the following findings was reported by Girolami and Scotti (2001)?
Which of the following findings was reported by Girolami and Scotti (2001)?
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What was one of the reasons mentioned for why the cause of a child's feeding disorder may not be identifiable?
What was one of the reasons mentioned for why the cause of a child's feeding disorder may not be identifiable?
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What approach did Najdowski et al. (2008) suggest for caregivers conducting functional analyses?
What approach did Najdowski et al. (2008) suggest for caregivers conducting functional analyses?
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What is one potential limitation of identifying the cause of feeding disorders mentioned in the content?
What is one potential limitation of identifying the cause of feeding disorders mentioned in the content?
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What behavior did the caregiver exhibit in the attention condition during functional analyses?
What behavior did the caregiver exhibit in the attention condition during functional analyses?
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What might reinforcement for inappropriate mealtime behavior encompass according to the findings?
What might reinforcement for inappropriate mealtime behavior encompass according to the findings?
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What type of behavior was evidenced by children during functional analyses as stated in the content?
What type of behavior was evidenced by children during functional analyses as stated in the content?
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Which statement is true about the environmental events related to mealtime behavior?
Which statement is true about the environmental events related to mealtime behavior?
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What does the content suggest about changing responses to inappropriate mealtime behavior?
What does the content suggest about changing responses to inappropriate mealtime behavior?
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What is the primary age when typically developing children begin to show chewing skills due to increased food texture?
What is the primary age when typically developing children begin to show chewing skills due to increased food texture?
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Which utensil manipulation was found to clinically increase mouth clean levels for feeding?
Which utensil manipulation was found to clinically increase mouth clean levels for feeding?
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What is a common behavior exhibited by children who lack appropriate chewing skills?
What is a common behavior exhibited by children who lack appropriate chewing skills?
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What can increase the risk of aspiration in children during feeding?
What can increase the risk of aspiration in children during feeding?
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Which outcome was NOT associated with using a Nuk or flipped spoon according to related studies?
Which outcome was NOT associated with using a Nuk or flipped spoon according to related studies?
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What should caregivers prioritize when determining food texture for children with feeding disorders?
What should caregivers prioritize when determining food texture for children with feeding disorders?
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What is one type of feeding intervention evaluated by researchers?
What is one type of feeding intervention evaluated by researchers?
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During the studies, what was one utensil used to redistribute packed food for feeding children?
During the studies, what was one utensil used to redistribute packed food for feeding children?
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What effect does advancing food texture without considering chewing skills have on children?
What effect does advancing food texture without considering chewing skills have on children?
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What role does food texture play in feeding interventions evaluated by researchers?
What role does food texture play in feeding interventions evaluated by researchers?
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Study Notes
Feeding Disorders
- Feeding disorders occur in over 60% of children, indicating a significant public health concern that necessitates awareness and intervention strategies.
- Causes can be neurological (62%), structural (53%), behavioral (43%), cardiorespiratory (34%), and metabolic (12%), highlighting the multifaceted origins of these disorders.
- Most children with feeding disorders have causes in two or more categories, which complicates the diagnosis and treatment processes and emphasizes the need for comprehensive evaluations.
- Feeding disorders are prevalent among children with autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, and Down syndrome, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions for these vulnerable groups.
Causes of Feeding Disorders
- Children with chronic medical problems directly affecting the digestive system may develop feeding disorders, which can be exacerbated by these conditions.
- Examples of these medical problems include gastroesophageal reflux disease, where stomach acid frequently backs up into the esophagus, delayed gastric emptying that hampers efficient digestion, food allergies or food intolerances that can provoke painful or uncomfortable reactions, malabsorption syndromes that prevent the body from adequately absorbing nutrients, and metabolic disorders that impact how the body processes food.
- Children with gastroesophageal reflux disease may associate eating with pain caused by acid reflux, leading to anxiety around meals and a reluctance to eat.
- Nausea plays an important role in developing food aversions, significantly affecting a child's willingness to try new or previously enjoyed foods.
- A single or few experiences of nausea paired with eating can lead to taste aversions, which are strong and can result in lifelong negative associations with certain flavors and foods.
- Taste aversions generalize to different foods and are difficult to treat, making early intervention and treatment strategies crucial for preventing long-term feeding issues.
Maintaining Factors in Feeding Disorders
- Inappropriate feeding behavior can be maintained by access to adult attention or tangible items as positive reinforcement, often leading to a cycle where negative behaviors are inadvertently encouraged.
- Escape from food presentation and mealtime demands can also function as reinforcement, where a child may learn that refusing to eat or engaging in disruptive behavior results in the cessation of pressure to eat.
- Environmental events may reinforce inappropriate mealtime behavior, even if the underlying cause of the feeding disorder is complex; this suggests that mealtime settings and parental expectations should be evaluated as part of a treatment program.
Treatment of Feeding Disorders
- Even if the underlying cause of a feeding disorder is unknown, treatment is possible by changing responses to the child's inappropriate mealtime behavior, thus promoting a healthier eating environment.
- Stimulus fading can be used to increase acceptance and decrease inappropriate mealtime behavior, gradually introducing changes that help children adapt to more appropriate eating habits.
- Examples of stimulus fading include changing the texture of food from liquid to baby food, spoon to cup, syringe to spoon, and syringe to cup, which helps children adjust to new methods and textures of eating.
- Antecedent interventions such as utensil manipulation can be used to increase mouth cleanliness and decrease packing, which refers to the tendency of a child to hold food in their mouth rather than swallowing it properly.
- Examples of utensil manipulation include presenting food on an upright spoon, a flipped spoon, or a Nuk device, which encourages proper mouth movement and improves feeding efficacy.
Chewing
- Chewing emerges in typically developing children around 12 months of age as caregivers introduce foods with increasing texture; this developmental milestone is vital for transitioning to solid foods.
- Children with feeding disorders often do not begin chewing at 12 months of age, which may lead to difficulties in establishing healthy eating patterns and habits.
- Caregivers often base the texture of food on the child's age rather than their chewing skills, leading to potential mismatches that can hinder the child's feeding development.
- A mismatch between food texture and chewing skills increases the risk of aspiration, a serious concern that can lead to respiratory issues or choking if not addressed properly.
- Children with poor chewing skills may develop inappropriate compensatory behavior, such as using their tongue to push food against the roof of their mouth, which can create further feeding complications and impede the natural progression of chewing abilities.
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Description
This quiz explores the prevalence, causes, and implications of feeding disorders in children. It highlights key factors such as neurological, structural, and behavioral causes, as well as associations with conditions like autism and cerebral palsy. Test your understanding of how these disorders affect children's eating habits and overall health.
