Federalism in the Indian Constitution
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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of the special provisions in the Constitution for certain States?

  • They only apply to union territories.
  • They address social and historical circumstances unique to those States. (correct)
  • They are uniform across all States in India.
  • They eliminate the need for a central government.

    • Which of the following States is NOT mentioned as having special provisions under the Constitution?

  • Mizoram
  • Assam
  • Nagaland
  • Gujarat (correct)

    • What article in the Constitution pertains to the special provisions for the northeastern States?

  • Article 354
  • Article 371 (correct)
  • Article 360
  • Article 370

    • What was the status of Jammu & Kashmir as per the recent constitutional change?

    <p>Its special status under Article 370 was revoked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why states have demanded more autonomy?

    <p>To address regional disparities and governance issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of federalism as described in the content?

    <p>Each level of government has distinct powers and responsibilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of federalism in India, what is a significant feature of the relationship between the States and the Centre?

    <p>It is characterized by cooperation while recognizing diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Indian Constitution facilitate the resolution of disputes over power between the union government and State governments?

    <p>By providing for an independent judiciary to interpret constitutional provisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the concept of dual citizenship in federal systems?

    <p>Some federal countries allow dual citizenship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the written constitution play in a federal system?

    <p>It is the supreme law that defines the powers of government levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the structure of government created by the Indian Constitution?

    <p>A federal system with both union and State governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of Indian federalism ensures that regional identities coexist with national identity?

    <p>The principle of unity and cooperation in governance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key reason for establishing federalism in a large country like India?

    <p>To divide powers between provinces and the central government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the provision mentioned in the first section of the text?

    <p>To enable the Union government to intervene when the State government fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 1956 reorganization of States in India?

    <p>It marked the beginning of the process of forming states based on language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a result of the division of larger states in the 1990s?

    <p>The creation of a new state in the northeast region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are disputes over river water sharing more serious than border disputes?

    <p>Because river water disputes involve more significant economic and political interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason behind the creation of Telangana in 2014?

    <p>To address the demand for a separate state based on linguistic and cultural identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the provision mentioned in the first section of the text is TRUE?

    <p>It results in an immediate transfer of power from the State government to the Union government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these scenarios exemplifies the type of inter-state conflict discussed in the last section of the text?

    <p>A conflict between two states over the construction of a dam on a shared river.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of creating new states based solely on linguistic identity?

    <p>It can lead to the fragmentation of the country and hamper national unity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a demand for greater autonomy by states? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Expansion of executive powers over State officers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which constitutional provision is most often cited as a source of tension between the central government and states, leading to demands for greater autonomy?

    <p>Article 356</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding the role of the Governor in state governance?

    <p>The Governor's appointment by the central government can lead to interference in state affairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main argument used to justify the central government's control over certain aspects of state administration?

    <p>The central government's mandate to uphold national unity necessitates control over state administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, which of the following statements is TRUE about the relationship between the central government and states?

    <p>The central government has the authority to legislate on matters belonging to the State list with the approval of the Rajya Sabha.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding the demands for greater autonomy based on cultural and linguistic issues?

    <p>They could lead to the fragmentation of the country and the erosion of national unity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, what is the primary reason why the demand for greater financial autonomy for states is a major point of contention?

    <p>States demand greater control over their own resources, arguing that they should be able to decide how to spend tax revenue generated within their borders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key reason the Constitution of India established a strong central government?

    <p>To ensure uniformity and prevent social and political fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Indian Constitution empower the Parliament to do regarding states?

    <p>Form a new state by separating territory from an existing state, even without the state's approval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution play a role in the division of powers?

    <p>They allow the Parliament to assume the power to make laws on any matter, effectively overriding state jurisdiction during emergencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following provisions in the Indian Constitution contribute to a stronger central government?

    <p>Parliament has the power to legislate on matters related to education, healthcare, and agriculture, which are traditionally considered state subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Constitution of India influence financial power between the center and the states?

    <p>States are largely dependent on grants and financial assistance from the central government due to the central government's control over major sources of revenue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Governor in relation to the central government's influence over state legislation?

    <p>The Governor can delay a bill passed by the state legislature for the central government's approval, potentially leading to its rejection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Indian Constitution address differences between the central government and the states?

    <p>The Constitution establishes a federal system with a strong central government, but also provides states with significant autonomy and legislative power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the central government's significant control over revenue in India?

    <p>To address social and economic challenges effectively, with a centralized approach for planning and coordination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Federalism

    • Federalism is a system where power is divided between a central government and regional governments.
    • Each government has its own autonomous sphere of authority.
    • Some countries have a dual citizenship system, while India has a single one.
    • Citizens have loyalties to both their region and nation.
    • Each level of government has specific powers and responsibilities.
    • The Constitution defines the dual system of government and is the supreme law.
    • The judiciary settles disputes between the central and state governments.

    Federalism in the Indian Constitution

    • To govern a large country like India, powers need to be divided between the central and regional governments.
    • The Constituent Assembly created a system based on unity and cooperation between the Centre and the States.
    • The Indian Constitution's most important feature is a cooperative relationship between the States and the Centre.
    • It emphasizes unity while acknowledging diversity.

    Division of Powers

    • India has a union government (central government) and state governments.
    • Both have constitutional status with defined areas of activity.
    • The judiciary resolves disputes over jurisdiction.
    • Economic and financial powers are mainly centralized in the central government.
    • Powers are divided into Union, State, and Concurrent Lists in the Constitution.

    Federalism with a Strong Central Government

    • The Indian Constitution created a strong central government.
    • The framers wanted to avoid disintegration and promote social and political change.
    • The Constitution sought to address socio-economic issues like poverty and inequality through strong central governance.
    • Central governance works in cooperation with the States.

    Provisions Creating a Strong Central Government

    • Parliament can form new states, alter boundaries, and rename states.
    • Emergency powers can centralize power in the national government.
    • The central government controls revenue generation and funds the states through grants.

    Role of Governors and President's Rule

    • Governors are appointed by the central government, and their actions are often viewed as interference.
    • Article 356 allows President's Rule, a provision that centralizes power if a state's government cannot function according to the Constitution.
    • This allows the central government to take control of the state government.
    • President's Rule can be extended for up to three years.
    • Governors can recommend dismissing the state government and dissolving the state assembly.

    Demands for New States

    • States are often created based on linguistic, cultural, or administrative needs.
    • New states may be created to address concerns like administrative efficiency or demands for greater political representation.
    • Examples include states such as Gujarat and Maharashtra (1960), or Punjab and Haryana (1966), and the later creations of Meghalaya, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and others after the 1950s and 1990s.
    • Some recent examples such as Telangana (2014) result from reorganizations of existing states.

    Inter-State Conflicts

    • Border disputes and disputes over water resources between states are common.
    • Conflicts may relate to sentimentality, territorial claims, or the sharing of resources like water.
    • The Maharashtra-Karnataka dispute over Belgaum is an example of long-standing border conflicts.

    Special Provisions

    • Some states receive special provisions due to historical or social conditions, especially the northeastern states.
    • These include special provisions related to indigenous tribal populations.
    • Some states like Jammu & Kashmir have had special status under Article 370, which has been revoked.

    Important Questions

    • Key concepts of federalism.
    • Reasons for federalism in India.
    • Division of powers (Union, State, Concurrent lists).
    • Residuary powers.
    • Provisions creating a strong central government.
    • Role of Governors and President's Rule.
    • State demands for autonomy.
    • Conflicts between states and central government.
    • Role of Governors as viewed by the states.
    • Special provisions for states.

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    Ch-7 Federalism PDF

    Description

    Explore the concept of federalism and its significance in the Indian Constitution. This quiz covers the division of powers between central and regional governments, the importance of cooperative governance, and the dual citizenship system. Test your knowledge on how India's federal structure promotes unity in diversity.

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