Federalism Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does the Tenth Amendment signify?

The federal government has only powers specifically granted by the Constitution. (correct)

States have no power.

The federal government has all powers.

Power is only with Congress.

What is an Act of Admission?

A congressional act admitting a new state to the Union.

The Big 7 refers to __________ of federalism.

seven keys

What are Block Grants?

One type of federal grants-in-aid for broadly defined areas of public policy. Signup and view all the answers

The Carrot and Stick Approach refers to only offering rewards for behavior.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a Categorical Grant?

One type of federal grants-in-aid made for a specific, closely defined purpose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of Concurrent Powers? (Select all that apply)

Taxing Signup and view all the answers

What is Cooperative Federalism?

A concept of federalism where national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively to solve common problems. Signup and view all the answers

Define Delegated Powers.

The powers of Congress established in the Constitution, specifically detailed in section eight of Article I. Signup and view all the answers

What are Denied Powers?

Powers that are prohibited to the states by the Constitution. Signup and view all the answers

What is Devolution?

The transfer or delegation of power to a lower level of government. Signup and view all the answers

What is Dual Federalism?

A political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms. Signup and view all the answers

What does an Enabling Act do?

Legislation that grants an entity the authority to take certain actions. Signup and view all the answers

What are Expressed Powers?

Powers explicitly stated in the U.S. Constitution. Signup and view all the answers

What is Extradition?

The action of extraditing a person accused or convicted of a crime. Signup and view all the answers

Define Federalism.

A system of government where power is divided between a national government and regional governments. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Full Faith and Credit Clause address?

Duties that states have to respect the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Gonzales v. Raich?

The Court ruled that the Commerce Clause could allow the federal government to preempt state laws legalizing medical marijuana. Signup and view all the answers

What was decided in Gonzales v. Oregon?

The federal government could not preempt state laws allowing doctors to prescribe drugs for assisted suicide. Signup and view all the answers

What are Grants in Aid?

Amounts of money given to a local government, an institution, or a scholar. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Constitutional Amendments and Powers

10th Amendment: Defines the division of power between federal and state governments, stating the federal government has only those powers specifically granted by the Constitution.
Delegated Powers: Powers specifically granted to Congress, detailed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, totaling nineteen outlined powers.
Denied Powers: Powers prohibited to states, such as making treaties, coining money, or impairing contracts, as detailed in Article I.

Federalism Concepts

Federalism: A governance system where power is divided between a national (federal) government and regional governments.
Concurrent Powers: Powers shared by both federal and state governments, including taxation, borrowing money, and establishing courts.
Dual Federalism: A model where state and federal powers are clearly defined and operate independently without federal interference.

Funding and Grants

Block Grants: Federal grants for broad public policy areas, offering states flexibility in how to utilize the funds.
Categorical Grants: Federal grants allocated for specific purposes with stringent criteria.
Grants-in-Aid: Financial assistance given by the federal government to local or state governments or institutions.

Legal Principles and Court Cases

Extradition: The process of transferring a person accused or convicted of a crime to the jurisdiction where the crime was committed.
Full Faith and Credit Clause: Article IV, Section 1 mandates states to respect the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states.
Gonzales v. Raich: The Supreme Court ruled the federal government could preempt state laws on medical marijuana based on the Commerce Clause and Controlled Substances Act.
Gonzales v. Oregon: The Court decided the federal government could not overrule state laws allowing doctors to prescribe drugs for assisted suicide.

Other Federalism Terminology

Act of Admission: Congressional act formalizing the entry of a new state into the Union.
Cooperative Federalism: A model emphasizing collaboration among national, state, and local governments to address shared problems, prevalent from the 1930s to the 1970s.
Carrot and Stick Approach: A policy combining rewards (carrots) with penalties (sticks) to influence behavior and decisions in governance.
Devolution: The process of transferring powers from a central government to local or regional administrations.
Enabling Act: Legislation that provides the authority for entities to take specific actions, often related to establishing governmental bodies.

Miscellaneous

Big 7: Refers to seven key aspects or principles of federalism that define its operation and structure.
Implied Powers: Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but necessary to implement the expressed powers effectively.

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Description

Test your knowledge of federalism with these flashcards that cover key concepts, including the Tenth Amendment and the Act of Admission. Explore the balance of power between federal and state governments. Perfect for students and anyone interested in understanding federalism better.