Fatty Acid Transport into Mitochondria
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Questions and Answers

What is the suffix commonly used in the nomenclature of fatty acids?

  • -ene
  • -ic (correct)
  • -yne
  • -ane
  • What is the name of the C18 saturated fatty acid derived from the parent hydrocarbon Octadecane?

  • Octadecanoic Acid (correct)
  • Octadecadienoic Acid
  • Octadecenoic Acid
  • Octadecatrienoic Acid
  • Where do fatty acid molecules undergo breakdown to generate Acetyl-CoA for the Krebs Cycle?

  • Mitochondria and peroxisomes (correct)
  • Peroxisomes and cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes
  • Golgi apparatus and nucleus
  • What is the primary source of fatty acids for oxidation?

    <p>Diet and mobilization from cellular stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are fatty acids stored in the body?

    <p>Adipocytes of adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the mobilization of fatty acids from stored triacylglycerols?

    <p>Increase in energy demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin in adipose tissue?

    <p>To inhibit the mobilization of fat from adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for activating fatty acids in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Fatty acyl-CoA ligase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of the fatty acid activation process?

    <p>The consumption of 2 molar equivalents of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the oxidation of fatty acids occur?

    <p>In the mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the intermediate molecule involved in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA into the mitochondria?

    <p>Acyl-carnitine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carnitine acyltransferase II?

    <p>To catalyze the regeneration of fatty acyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high concentrations of acetyl CoA on β-oxidation?

    <p>It inhibits β-oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary regulator of β-oxidation as a whole?

    <p>Fatty acid availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moles of NADH are generated per round of β-oxidation?

    <p>1 mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the NADH and FADH2 produced during β-oxidation?

    <p>They enter the respiratory pathway for the production of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do fatty acids yield more energy per carbon atom than carbohydrates?

    <p>Because fatty acids produce more ATP per carbon atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of the oxidation of one mole of oleic acid?

    <p>146 moles of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs can inhibit carnitine acyltransferases?

    <p>Tolbutamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of inherited diseases impairs β-oxidation due to deficiencies in acyl-CoA dehydrogenases?

    <p>Inherited diseases of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which deficiency is the most common form of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency?

    <p>Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive urinary excretion of which compounds is diagnostic of Medium Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency?

    <p>Medium-chain dicarboxylic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which rare inherited disorder patients accumulate large quantities of phytanic acid?

    <p>Refsum's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dietary restriction can ameliorate the symptoms of Refsum's disease?

    <p>Limit ruminant meat consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme responsible for exchanging CoA for carnitine during the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria?

    <p>Carnitinepalmitoyltransferase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of Acyl-CoA dehydrogenation during the β-oxidation of fatty acids?

    <p>Trans Δ 2- enoyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What catalyzes the hydration of the double bond to form L-3hydroxyacyl CoA in the β-oxidation process?

    <p>Enoyl CoA hydratase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the 2nd dehydrogenation step of β-oxidation, leading to the formation of a ketone?

    <p>βhydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is catalyzed by β-ketoacyl CoA thiolase during the formation of CoA in the β-oxidation pathway?

    <p>Thiolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the final products of β-oxidation of fatty acids?

    <p>Acyl CoA and a long chain fatty acyl CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

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