Fatty Acid Synthesis Overview

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What is the ratio of NADPH/NADP+ in the cytosol for fatty acid synthesis?

3:1

1:1

4:1 (correct)

2:1

Where does the transfer of acetyl groups occur from in the synthesis of fatty acids?

Mitochondria to Golgi apparatus

Lysosomes to cytosol

Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus

Mitochondria to cytosol (correct)

What happens when the ratio of NADPH/NADP+ is high in cytosol for fatty acid synthesis?

Fatty acid synthesis is favored (correct)

Acetyl CoA production decreases

Fatty acid synthesis is inhibited

NADH levels increase

Which organelle is responsible for fatty acid synthesis in photosynthetic cells?

Chloroplasts Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is inhibited by phosphorylation via AMP-activated protein kinase in the control of fatty acid synthesis?

Acetyl CoA carboxylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the fatty acid produced by the desaturation of stearic acid with a double bond between Carbons 9 and 10?

Oleic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum point up to which mammals can add double bonds to carbon atoms in fatty acid chains?

C9 - C10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the starting point for prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis?

Arachidonic acid Signup and view all the answers

Where does triacylglycerol synthesis occur?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What supplies glycerol units for triacylglycerol synthesis?

Glucose metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the main phospholipid in cells?

Phosphatidylcholine Signup and view all the answers

In relation to fat deposition as a result of a high carbohydrate diet, what is incorrect?

Triacylglycerol breakdown is high Signup and view all the answers

Where does fatty acid synthesis take place?

Cytosol Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by acetyl CoA carboxylase?

H2CO3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 'swinging arm' mechanism in fatty acid synthase?

To move the growing fatty acid chain between active sites Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of the condensation reaction between acetyl-ACP and malonyl-ACP?

Formation of acetoacetyl-ACP Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between fatty acid synthesis and oxidation?

Synthesis and oxidation involve different enzyme complexes Signup and view all the answers

How many enzyme activities are present in the mammalian fatty acid synthase?

7 Signup and view all the answers