Fats and Oils: Types and Composition
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between solid animal fats and vegetable oils?

  • Vegetable oils have a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids
  • Vegetable oils have a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • Animal fats have a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (correct)
  • Animal fats have a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids

    • What is the term for unsaturated fatty acids that the body cannot synthesize and must be consumed through the diet?

  • Essential fatty acids (correct)
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • Unsaturated fatty acids
  • Saturated fatty acids

    • What is the reason why coconut oil is a liquid despite having a high proportion of saturated fatty acids?

  • It has a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • It has a high proportion of double bonds in its fatty acid chain
  • It has a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids
  • It has a high proportion of low-molecular-weight fatty acids (correct)

    • What is the relationship between the number of double bonds in a fatty acid chain and its melting point?

    <p>Increase in double bonds decreases the melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why pure fats and oils are colorless, odorless, and tasteless?

    <p>They contain small amounts of other substances dissolved in the fat or oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why saturated fats have a high melting point?

    <p>They have a uniform shape that allows them to pack together efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why unsaturated vegetable oils have a lower melting point?

    <p>The presence of cis C=C bonds that cause bends and kinks in the hydrocarbon chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

    <p>A product with just the right consistency for cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which fats and oils are converted into glycerol and a mixture of fatty acid salts?

    <p>Saponification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why manufacturers do not hydrogenate all of the double bonds in vegetable oils?

    <p>To produce a product that is not too solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of trans fatty acids in food processing?

    <p>Hydrogenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of saponification in the production of soaps?

    <p>To convert fats and oils into a mixture of glycerol and fatty acid salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is present in the hydrocarbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid?

    <p>Double bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of fatty acids found in triglycerides?

    <p>Only even-numbered fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fats and oils?

    <p>Fats are solids, while oils are liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a fatty acid with a single double bond in the molecule?

    <p>Monounsaturated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional group present in all fatty acids?

    <p>–COOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the physical properties of triglycerides?

    <p>The type of fatty acid present</p> Signup and view all the answers

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