Fats and Oils: Types and Composition
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between solid animal fats and vegetable oils?

  • Vegetable oils have a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids
  • Vegetable oils have a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • Animal fats have a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (correct)
  • Animal fats have a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids

What is the term for unsaturated fatty acids that the body cannot synthesize and must be consumed through the diet?

  • Essential fatty acids (correct)
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • Unsaturated fatty acids
  • Saturated fatty acids

What is the reason why coconut oil is a liquid despite having a high proportion of saturated fatty acids?

  • It has a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • It has a high proportion of double bonds in its fatty acid chain
  • It has a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids
  • It has a high proportion of low-molecular-weight fatty acids (correct)

What is the relationship between the number of double bonds in a fatty acid chain and its melting point?

<p>Increase in double bonds decreases the melting point (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why pure fats and oils are colorless, odorless, and tasteless?

<p>They contain small amounts of other substances dissolved in the fat or oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why saturated fats have a high melting point?

<p>They have a uniform shape that allows them to pack together efficiently (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why unsaturated vegetable oils have a lower melting point?

<p>The presence of cis C=C bonds that cause bends and kinks in the hydrocarbon chains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils?

<p>A product with just the right consistency for cooking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which fats and oils are converted into glycerol and a mixture of fatty acid salts?

<p>Saponification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why manufacturers do not hydrogenate all of the double bonds in vegetable oils?

<p>To produce a product that is not too solid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of trans fatty acids in food processing?

<p>Hydrogenation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of saponification in the production of soaps?

<p>To convert fats and oils into a mixture of glycerol and fatty acid salts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is present in the hydrocarbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid?

<p>Double bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fatty acids found in triglycerides?

<p>Only even-numbered fatty acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between fats and oils?

<p>Fats are solids, while oils are liquids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fatty acid with a single double bond in the molecule?

<p>Monounsaturated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional group present in all fatty acids?

<p>–COOH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the physical properties of triglycerides?

<p>The type of fatty acid present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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