Fats and Lipids Overview

Free fatty acids travel through the bloodstream bound to albumin and are used by the body as an energy source during exercise. Especially after about 1 hour of exercise, the body increasingly relies on fats for calories.

Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increase LDL levels in the blood, which is known as the "bad" cholesterol. High LDL levels are linked to an increased risk of heart disease. It is recommended to limit SFA intake to 10% or less of daily energy intake.

HDL, often referred to as "good" cholesterol, plays a critical role in cardiovascular health. HDL acts like a scavenger, removing cholesterol from the bloodstream and transporting it back to the liver for processing. This process helps to reduce the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries, which can contribute to heart disease.

<p>Trans fats, often found in processed foods like margarine and fried foods, have detrimental effects on heart health. Trans fats increase LDL levels (bad cholesterol) while reducing HDL levels (good cholesterol), contributing to an increased risk of heart disease. Additionally, trans fats have been linked to higher blood clot risk and insulin resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The recommended daily intake of total fat is no more than 35% of total energy intake. It is suggested to aim for a 1:1.5:1 ratio for saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fats, respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive fat intake can lead to several health issues, including heart disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Excess fat can also contribute to certain types of cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fats play crucial roles in maintaining many bodily functions, including the absorption of vitamins, the production of hormones, and the insulation of organs. They provide a concentrated source of energy for the body. However, excessive fat intake can lead to negative consequences like increased risk of heart disease and obesity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the risk of heart disease, limit the intake of total fat (no more than 35% of calories), saturated fats (no more than 10% of calories), and trans fats (no more than 1% of calories). Focus on increasing intake of healthy fats like monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats found in olive oil, avocados, nuts, and fatty fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They maintain growth and support liver and kidney functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fats mainly contribute to the inflammation of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Omega-3 fatty acids are important for supporting visual functions and nervous system activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to either darkening or lightening of the skin in certain areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Essential fatty acids help maintain blood pressure and immune functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They reduce bad cholesterol (LDL).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They regulate inflammation, immunity, pain, and sleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholesterol acts as a building block for vitamin D and steroid hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They absorb fat from diets and transport triglycerides from the liver to other tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triglycerides are broken down into glycerol, monoglycerides, and fatty acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chylomicrons transport fats in the bloodstream and release fatty acids to cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HDL carries cholesterol back to the liver for processing, helping to remove excess cholesterol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PUFAs help prevent insulin resistance and diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty acids are the building blocks of fats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triglycerides are the primary storage form of fats in the human body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One gram of fat provides 9 kcal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MUFA contains one double bond, while PUFA contains more than one double bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Butyric and Caprylic acids are short-chain fatty acids found in coconut oil, palm oil, and goat milk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phospholipids are significant dietary lipids that contribute to the structure of cell membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cis fatty acids have hydrogen atoms on the same side of the double bond, while trans fatty acids have them on opposite sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is known as good cholesterol, while LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is known as bad cholesterol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Essential fatty acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet; an example is omega-3 fatty acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholesterol is important in the structure of cell membranes and is a precursor for sex and adrenal hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers