Family social system

Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of a family as a social system?

Family membership typically ends when an individual reaches adulthood and no longer lives with their family of origin.

Name three properties of a family social system.

Relationships within a family system are primarily based on a shared history, internalized perceptions, and assumptions about the world, and a sense of ______.

Match the characteristic with the correct level of the family system:

Which aspect of a family system involves both spoken and unspoken methods of interaction?

How do multigenerational emotional attachments typically manifest within a family system?

A family system's adaptability is solely determined by its financial stability.

Which of the following best describes the shift in the perception of the 'typical American family'?

The idealized depiction of the American nuclear family has always been the reality for the majority of Americans.

Name three factors that have contributed to changing expectations regarding marriage in contemporary society.

Families develop structural characteristics and interactive patterns based on shared __________ and family __________.

Match the family situation with its description:

What is a primary function of family rules, whether explicitly stated or not?

Families readily embrace change in order to quickly adapt to new circumstances.

Name three types of unplanned crises that families might face.

Families display stable, collaborative, purposeful, and recurring patterns of __________ sequences.

Which aspect of family interaction is described as transmitting family rules and functions governing the range of acceptable behaviors via subtle, coded transactions?

Changes such as remarriage, child placement with relatives, foster care, and orphanages were never a part of American life in the past.

According to the resources, what evolved from the division of labor between men and women in early societies and served to ensure family survival and efficiency?

Name three examples of what has broadened our view of family life.

Why is it difficult for family members to relinquish their membership, even when distanced?

To facilitate the cohesive process, a family typically develops _______ that outline and allocate the roles and functions of its members.

Family members' roles and emotional ties can be fully replaced by a substitute if a member leaves or dies.

What should all families do to promote family well-being, regardless of family format?

What is the primary purpose of shared family rituals?

According to the family systems framework, what two simultaneous processes do families and their individual members undergo?

Family narratives have minimal impact on how a family functions.

Families maintain a history by retelling their family '______' from one generation to the next.

What must family members do to function successfully within the family and in the wider community?

What is the role of language and dialogue in family interactions?

Patterned family interactions are predictable transactional patterns generated by all family members, as though each participant feels compelled to play a well-rehearsed ____.

What is a key characteristic of well-functioning families, besides system survival?

An 'enabled' family system prioritizes the needs of the family unit while neglecting the interests of individual members.

Match the family dynamics with their descriptions:

Why are family transactions often 'invisible'?

According to Constantine, what reflects family disablement?

Family rituals are primarily about resisting change and maintaining the status quo.

Families experiencing external or internal stress may need ______ support.

How do family narratives influence individual judgment about reality?

What can social networks offer to families that feel isolated and defeated, according to Pigott and Monaco (2004)?

Historically, how was entrance into a family system defined?

Family membership is based on acceptance of and belief in a set of abiding ____ or shared constructs about the family itself and its relationship to its social environment.

How do families that perceive their environment as menacing typically behave?

Today's definition of family is limited to legally married heterosexual couples and their children.

Beyond traditional family structures, what other factors contribute to divisions and complexities within family types?

Family social constructions always reflect an objective view of reality.

What is the role of family mementos and stories in connecting a family to previous generations?

An inclusive 21st-century definition of family must include people who choose to spend their lives together in a ______ relationship despite the lack of legal sanctions or bloodlines.

Shared family rituals ensure family _____ and _____.

Match the following family system concepts with their descriptions:

What influence do social class expectations have on families?

Openly disagreeing with family narratives always strengthens family bonds.

How do some families justify the continuation of undesirable behavior?

The postmodern perspective suggests there is one 'true' reality that all families experience.

Define family resiliency in the context of adverse conditions.

Family processes can ______ a person’s recovery during periods of persistent stress.

Match the following events with the type of strain they represent:

What is the significance of family rituals in understanding a family's values?

All families react to disturbing events in the same way.

What is the potential outcome of families facing distress, threat, trauma, or crisis?

Rather than viewing resiliency as a rare trait, Masten (2001) contends that such recuperative skills are common phenomena arising from ordinary ______ processes.

In the case of Paul and Margaret after Hurricane Katrina, what was a significant challenge they faced regarding their living situation?

Losses experienced by a family never affect its values.

How might a family's beliefs and values act as limitations?

A family's ability to thrive after extremely aversive experiences reveals a great deal about its ______.

What was the profession of Paul, one of the individuals displaced by Hurricane Katrina?

In the context of the family narrative, which topic might be important?

Which of the following best describes the initial emotional state of Paul and Margaret after facing their challenge?

Margaret initially embraced the idea of being a stay-at-home mother.

What was one of the first steps Paul took to adapt to the new challenges they faced?

Paul and Margaret _ their priorities to manage the new circumstances.

Match the following family processes with their descriptions based on Walsh's framework:

What is the emerging viewpoint on families facing problems, as opposed to pathologizing them?

Resilience, in the context of families, should be considered a static set of strengths or qualities.

According to Hawley (2000), what does resilience enable families to do?

Adopting a resiliency-based approach involves identifying and fortifying key _ processes.

Which of the following factors largely forecasts a family's ability to recover from disruptive challenges?

A family's religious beliefs have no impact on their ability to cope with challenges.

Besides family, name one source of support that aids in the resilience process.

Boyd-Franklin (2010) emphasizes that working with ethnic minority families during trauma requires _ interventions.

According to the Boyd-Franklin study, what is a KEY point when working with ethnic minority families after disasters?

According to the material, African-American families adapted to Hurricane Katrina in similar ways because of a shared cultural background

In traditional heterosexual families, which role has been historically associated with less emotional investment in family relationships?

Increased awareness of gender roles has decreased the need to overcome gender inequalities and stereotypes.

Name one factor that has primarily contributed to the increased awareness of gender issues in recent decades.

Changes in gender roles in recent decades have had a powerful impact on family ______ and functioning.

Match the following scenarios with the likely outcome based on traditional vs. egalitarian gender role ideologies:

What is a common challenge faced by dual-work families according to the provided content?

Employed married women now spend more time in childcare and household tasks compared to 30 years ago.

What is 'gender-role ideology' as referenced in the content?

According to the content, race, ethnicity, and immigration status play a decisive role in how dual income families best ______.

What might a father who spends long hours caring for his children while his wife works a different shift experience if he perceives childcare as a "woman’s job?"

Time pressures are not a typical issue faced by two-income families.

According to the content, give one example of a cultural factor that significantly impacts how families function.

Increased ______ over the last 20 years has added substantially to our appreciation of the primacy of cultural diversity in our society.

Why is it important to consider cultural factors when providing family assessment and counseling?

Cultural factors were always central to family therapists' understanding of family life.

What is a key consideration for family therapists when working with African-American families who have experienced trauma?

Family systems therapy may not be suitable for collectivistic ethnic minority families due to its individualistic approach.

In the context of disasters and family therapy, how might relocation impact kin networks in collectivistic cultures?

Family systems approaches emphasize the need to assist families as they interact with various __________ and __________ after a traumatic event.

Match the following family characteristics with their effects following a crisis:

What does the resiliency construct encourage family therapists to do?

Focusing on a family's deficits rather than their strengths is the most effective approach in family therapy after a crisis.

According to Aponte, what do members of poor families need to feel to facilitate resilience?

Resilient families are able to balance intergenerational __________ and change while maintaining ties among the past, present, and future.

Match each concept with its description in the context of gender and family dynamics:

How do differing socialization experiences typically affect men and women?

Biology is the sole determinant of gender differences in value systems and personality characteristics.

What impact can successful crisis management have on a family's resilience?

Family therapists need to recognize that anger in the face of perceived __________ may be a __________ response and facilitate coping.

According to Goldenberg and Goldenberg, what is a characteristic of resilient families?

What is the primary focus when adopting a relationship outlook, according to the text?

First-order cybernetics assumes that the observer is an integral part of the system being observed.

According to Gregory Bateson, what is the relationship between stability and change?

Feedback loops are activated to correct ______ in a system, restoring stability.

Match the concept with its description:

Which cultural group is most likely to define family as a wide network of kin, long-time friends, and community members?

According to the content, cultural competence in family therapy requires adopting a standardized 'cookbook' approach to cultural differences.

Name two factors, besides income, that influence perceived social status, according to Kliman and Madsen.

The bias against people from social classes different from one's own is known as ______.

Match the cultural group with their typical definition of family:

What does McGoldrick and Ashton suggest clinicians should examine to increase their competence in a multicultural society?

According to the content, social class has a uniform impact on all families, regardless of their ethnicity or cultural background.

According to the content, what is one potential negative impact of classism on mental health?

According to the content, those most vulnerable to poverty include nonwhite ______.

According to the content, what is one factor that can affect how Latino men and women experience depression and poor family functioning?

The content suggests that a Black family with a low income cannot have middle-class values or aspirations.

Name one group, besides children, identified as particularly vulnerable to poverty.

According to the content, what should therapists explore to better work with people of different social classes?

For the Chinese, family includes not only living relatives but also all their ______ and ______

Which concept related to social class receives increased scholarly attention, as noted in the content?

Which of the following factors should a therapist consider to understand clients and themselves better?

It is appropriate to consider the forces of race, culture, sexual orientation, and class-based inequalities as separate influences when working with people therapeutically.

What is the term used to describe a family structure where adults openly consent to intimate relationships with more than one person?

Culturally __________ therapists continually reexamine their thoughts and feelings about others.

Match the client scenario with the potential bias a therapist might need to address:

What is the primary concern raised by Knudson-Martin and Laughlin (2005) regarding heterosexual therapists working with same-sex partners?

The gender of the therapist always has a significant influence on clinical outcomes in family therapy, especially with adolescents.

What should therapists learn to recognize regarding people from backgrounds different from their own?

When serious problems arise that the prevailing paradigm cannot explain, scientific efforts typically aim to __________ the existing system with a more appropriate rationale.

What is the term for a dominant set of attitudes, philosophies, viewpoints, procedures, or methodologies in scientific thinking?

A 'postgender' approach in family therapy emphasizes equity rather than gender in relationship models.

Besides gender, what are some other criteria clients might use to select a therapist?

What is the main point of the exercise in Box 1.5 ('Thinking Like a Clinician')?

The impact of forces such as race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status on client and therapist identity development are discussed in greater detail in __________.

Biases felt toward people from backgrounds different from one's own always lead to ineffective therapy.

What is often revealed by examining power dynamics, communication styles, gender roles, and past resentments within a family?

In the case study, Bob and Tess initially presented a united front to the family therapist, agreeing on the root causes of their marital issues.

According to Bob, what would Tess need to do if she wanted special activities for the children?

Before having children, Tess kept her earnings separate from Bob's, using her own money to buy what she needed, resulting in _____ conflict.

Match the following behaviors with the underlying issues they represent in Bob and Tess's relationship:

What approach did the therapist take to help Bob and Tess resolve their marital issues?

The case study suggests that unresolved power issues can manifest as problems related to intimacy and sexual relations in a marriage.

What did Tess gain a better understanding of as she and Bob worked towards resolving their issues?

Recasting the individual as a unit of a larger system, such as the family, enables us to search for recurring _____ of interaction.

What was a significant change in Bob's behavior as he started understanding Tess's perspective?

The therapist encouraged Bob and Tess to focus solely on their individual needs and desires to improve their marriage.

What specific behavior of Bob's at home did Tess particularly resent?

Bob's upbringing in a working-class family instilled in him a sense of the importance of living _______ and watching expenditures.

According to the therapist, what was the unresolved issue that Bob and Tess had never faced?

Which action best illustrates Tess's change in behavior after therapy?

From a family systems perspective, psychopathology is seen as primarily the product of:

An ecosystemic approach only considers the nuclear family when assessing and treating a client.

In family therapy, what becomes the primary target of intervention when dysfunctional behavior is viewed as a reflection of a flawed relationship?

Family therapy aims to alter the family system by helping families replace limiting and self-defeating ______ patterns.

Match the following therapeutic roles with their description:

What is the central concept of cybernetics that is vital to family therapy?

Norbert Wiener coined the term 'cybernetics' to describe the science of communication and control in both humans and machines.

According to Wiener, what does cybernetics represent?

Cybernetics conceptualizes how systems retain their stability through self-regulation as a result of reinserting the results of past performance into current ______.

The Macy conferences, which contributed to the birth of cybernetics, primarily focused on:

The 'double-bind' theory developed by Gregory Bateson was ultimately proven to be a complete and accurate explanation for the origin of schizophrenia.

Instead of looking solely at the symptomatic person, what did Bateson's work encourage researchers to examine?

Bateson's approach emphasized the importance of the ______ context in giving symptoms meaning.

What key concept from cybernetics helps explain how families maintain stability or adapt to change?

Match the following terms with their correct association to the concepts:

What was the primary focus of psychotherapy in the early 20th century, particularly with Freudian psychoanalysis?

Family therapy's paradigm shift involves seeing the family as more than just the sum of its individual members.

Define 'epistemology' as it is commonly used in the context of family therapy.

Rather than focusing on recalled from the past, the broader view of human problems in family therapy emphasizes the family context in which individual behavior currently occurs.

Match the therapeutic focus with its corresponding approach.

What does a systems-oriented clinician focus on when observing conflict within a family?

According to the relational view, behavior can be pinpointed to an exact beginning.

What is the key difference between an intrapsychic and an interpersonal perspective in understanding behavior?

Family therapy is considered a scientific revolution because it involves a transition to a new ________.

What is the significance of bringing systems theory into the study of families?

Family therapists primarily focus on the content of family transactions rather than the process.

Briefly describe how changing a family's structure or belief systems can affect individual members.

Family therapy represents a major ________ revolution in the behavioral sciences.

What is the new focus of family therapy that differentiates it from previous approaches?

Match each therapeutic approach with its typical area of focus: