Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes a formal fallacy?
What characterizes a formal fallacy?
- It focuses on emotional appeals rather than logical structure.
- It involves a misunderstanding of concepts within the argument.
- It contains an invalid argument due to its form. (correct)
- It misrepresents an opponent's argument.
Which of the following is an example of a casual slippery slope fallacy?
Which of the following is an example of a casual slippery slope fallacy?
- Claiming that if we don't restrict certain actions, chaos will ensue over time. (correct)
- Assuming that each part of an argument logically leads to the same conclusion as the whole.
- Stating that because a word has multiple meanings, it leads to confusion in argumentation.
- Arguing that personal attacks on the speaker affect the validity of the argument.
What does the begging the question fallacy involve?
What does the begging the question fallacy involve?
- Indicating that an original idea should be rejected solely based on its source.
- Assuming the conclusion is true based on premises that support it. (correct)
- Invalidly concluding from premises that are unrelated.
- Misrepresenting an opponent's argument for easier attack.
Which fallacy occurs when one simplifies a complex issue to only two options?
Which fallacy occurs when one simplifies a complex issue to only two options?
Which fallacy involves attacking the character of the person making an argument rather than the argument itself?
Which fallacy involves attacking the character of the person making an argument rather than the argument itself?
What is the main issue with equivocation in an argument?
What is the main issue with equivocation in an argument?
Which of the following describes a division fallacy?
Which of the following describes a division fallacy?
What is a characteristic of fallacies of relevance?
What is a characteristic of fallacies of relevance?
Flashcards
Formal fallacy
Formal fallacy
A flaw in the structure of an argument; the form itself is invalid.
Informal fallacy
Informal fallacy
A flaw in the argument's content or meaning; its meaning and concepts involved are flawed, not its structure.
Begging the question
Begging the question
Assuming the truth of the conclusion in the argument's premises. A circular argument.
False dichotomy
False dichotomy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ad hominem fallacy
Ad hominem fallacy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Straw man fallacy
Straw man fallacy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Slippery slope fallacy
Slippery slope fallacy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Equivocation
Equivocation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Fallacies in Reasoning
- Fallacy: A mistake in reasoning. Distinguished as formal and informal.
Formal Fallacies
- Invalid Argument Forms: Errors in the structure or form of an argument.
- Denying the Antecedent (Modus Tollens): An invalid argument.
- Affirming the Consequent: An invalid argument.
Informal Fallacies
- Content-Dependent Errors: Errors in the content or meaning of an argument. Understanding the argument's concepts is crucial.
- Division Fallacy: Incorrectly assuming that a characteristic of the whole must also apply to each part.
- Composition Fallacy: Incorrectly assuming that a characteristic of each part must also apply to the whole.
Begging the Question
- Circular Reasoning: The conclusion is assumed true within the premises.
False Dichotomy
- Incomplete Alternatives: Presents a limited set of options when more possibilities exist.
Equivocation
- Ambiguous Language: Using the same word in two different meanings within an argument.
Slippery Slope Fallacies
- Vague Concepts: Depending on imprecise definitions or unclear boundaries.
- Conceptual Slippery Slope: Assuming a lack of distinct stages implies no distinction at all.
- Casual Slippery Slope: A series of intermediate steps is used to connect events that may not be causally linked.
Fallacies of Relevance
- Irrelevant Arguments: Arguments that fail to address the core issue.
- Ad Hominem: Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.
- Straw Man: Misrepresenting the opponent's argument to make it easier to refute.
- Tu Quoque: Dismissing criticism by pointing out an inconsistency in the critic.
- Genetic Fallacy: Rejecting or accepting an idea based on its origin.
- Appeal to Consequences: Evaluating the truth of an idea based on its perceived outcomes.
- Appeal to Authority: Using an unqualified individual or expert as a source of justification.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
