Factors Altering the Water Cycle

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Questions and Answers

What is the ultimate driver of the water cycle?

The sun (correct)

The ocean currents

The wind

The moon

Which of the following is NOT a factor altering the water cycle?

Climate change

Natural disasters (correct)

Deforestation

Agricultural activities

How much of the Philippine population has access to potable water?

91%

86%

100%

96% (correct)

What process involves the absorption and downward movement of water into the soil layer?

Infiltration Signup and view all the answers

Which location in the Philippines receives the highest average annual rainfall?

Antique Signup and view all the answers

Which hydrological process occurs when water vapor changes into liquid as it cools?

Condensation Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the land area in the Philippines is considered a watershed area?

70% Signup and view all the answers

Which process describes the natural discharge of water from clouds?

Precipitation Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary uses of water in agriculture?

For irrigation of crops Signup and view all the answers

What unique physical property does water possess when it freezes?

It expands about 9% by volume Signup and view all the answers

Which sector utilizes water for the propagation of cultured fish as a commercial enterprise?

Fisheries Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of pure water?

2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of pure water?

It is tasteless and odorless Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is essential for understanding the movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface?

Hydrologic cycle Signup and view all the answers

In what sector is water used for large herds or flocks of animals?

Livestock raising Signup and view all the answers

What can alter the natural hydrologic cycle significantly?

Deforestation Signup and view all the answers

What type of water is characterized by a high content of calcium and magnesium?

Hard Water Signup and view all the answers

Which type of water is specifically defined as being drained from toilets and urinals?

Black Water Signup and view all the answers

Which type of water is a result of surface runoff and is subject to atmospheric forces?

Surface Water Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of polluted water?

Is unsuitable for desired use due to impurities Signup and view all the answers

What defines leachate in environmental science?

Water containing pollutants leaking from disposal sites Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Water Cycle and Its Drivers

The sun is the primary force driving the water cycle, initiating evaporation and influencing weather patterns.
Human activities significantly alter the water cycle through agriculture, industry, deforestation, dam construction, urbanization, and climate change.

Philippine Water Basics

The Philippines features 221 lakes and 421 river basins, with an average annual rainfall of 2,400 mm.
Water availability is at 90%, covering 70% of the land area as watershed.
Access to potable water stands at 96% for the population, while 91% have access to basic water services.

Hydrological Processes

Evaporation: Water transforms from liquid to gas under low humidity conditions.
Condensation: Water vapor transitions back to liquid as it cools.
Precipitation: Water is released from clouds as rain, snow, etc.
Infiltration: Water is absorbed and moves downward into soil layers.

Average Annual Rainfall in Regions

Manila: 2,080 mm
Aklan: 2,903.22 mm
Antique: 3,643.63 mm

Importance of Water

Supports irrigation for agriculture and is essential for food production.
Integral for power generation, facilitating mechanical and electrical generation.
Vital for fisheries and livestock raising, supporting commercial enterprises.
Used in industries for manufacturing and processes, and also crucial for recreational activities like swimming and golfing.
Necessary for health and sanitation in hospitals and wellness facilities.

Composition and Types of Water

Pure water is H₂O, consisting of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom; it is tasteless, odorless, and clear.
Freshwater has less than 500 ppm of dissolved salts (like sodium chloride) and includes groundwater, rivers, ponds, and lakes.
Surface water is open to the atmosphere and affected by surface runoff.
Wastewater contains pollutants, making it unsuitable for use.
Groundwater resides beneath the water table in various soil and rock formations.
Leachate is contaminated water that seeps from disposal sites like landfills.
Hard water contains higher minerals like calcium and magnesium.
Polluted water has impurities, impacting its usability.

Water Classification

Rain or Atmospheric Water: The most prevalent precipitation form.
Surface Water: A blend of surface runoff and groundwater.
Groundwater: Rainwater that has penetrated the ground.

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Description

Explore the various man-made activities that affect the water cycle, including agricultural practices and industrial influences. Understand the impact of deforestation and other environmental changes. This quiz provides insights into how human actions can influence natural processes.