Urination - Chapter 38
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the factors affecting micturition?

  • Toilet training (correct)
  • Being left-handed
  • Tooth decay
  • Eating spicy food

    • Which disease is NOT associated with renal problems?

  • Gout
  • Hypertension (HTN)
  • Hyperlipidemia (correct)
  • Diabetes

    • What is a characteristic of polycystic kidney disease?

  • Results in the development of cysts in the kidneys (correct)
  • Primarily affects the lungs
  • It only affects the liver
  • Causes the kidneys to shrink

    • What do diuretics do in the context of micturition?

    <p>Prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does dysuria refer to?

    <p>Painful urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when using a bladder scanner if the residual is 100ml?

    <p>Considered a normal residual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for a healthcare provider to be at eye level with the urine collection container when measuring urine output?

    <p>To ensure accurate recording of the amount</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of incontinence is characterized by involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure?

    <p>Stress UI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a suprapubic catheter?

    <p>To drain urine through an abdominal incision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action can help reduce the risk of UTIs in women?

    <p>Showering after sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are patients with indwelling catheters at higher risk for UTIs?

    <p>The catheter bypasses the body's natural defenses against bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urinary incontinence is characterized by continuous, unpredictable loss of urine?

    <p>Total UI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is intermittent urethral catheterization typically used?

    <p>During one-time events or procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cholinergic medications in micturition?

    <p>Stimulate contraction of detrusor muscle for urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a midstream specimen collection?

    <p>Patient urinates, stops the stream, then collects specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of continent patients in the context of micturition?

    <p>Patients who can get to the restroom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a clean-catch specimen collection involve?

    <p>Using antiseptic wipes before urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition when a urinary infection has reached the kidneys?

    <p>Pyelonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of incontinent patients in terms of urination?

    <p>Patients who void on themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women?

    <p>Using diaphragms or being postmenopausal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Transient Urinary Incontinence (UI)?

    <p>Appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for inserting an indwelling catheter?

    <p>All answers are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of urinary incontinence is characterized by overdistention and overflow of the bladder?

    <p>Overflow UI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of nurses regarding patients with urologic stents or urinary diversions?

    <p>Monitoring and caring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are urinary calculi?

    <p>Masses or stones that form in the urinary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of promoting fluid intake to help patients urinate?

    <p>To help patients produce enough urine for bladder emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sterile specimen in the context of urine collection?

    <p>Collected from the bladder directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal when managing a patient's fluid and electrolyte balance?

    <p>Maintain fluid and electrolyte equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for patients to empty their bladder completely at regular intervals?

    <p>To reduce risk of UTIs and urine retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an indwelling catheter do in relation to urine collection?

    <p>Catches urine into a bag outside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of asking patients about their usual urination pattern and any changes?

    <p>To establish a baseline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are patients with indwelling catheters at higher risk for UTIs?

    <p>The catheter bypasses the body's natural defenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Kegel exercises in relation to micturition?

    <p>To strengthen pelvic floor muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of maintaining skin integrity in incontinent patients?

    <p>To prevent pressure ulcer infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of mixed urinary incontinence?

    <p>Urine loss with features of more than one type of incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for female patients to strengthen their pelvic floor muscles?

    <p>To enhance urinary control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of asking patients about their aids to elimination and any current or former difficulties?

    <p>To understand their urinary habits and challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of making sure a patient's output equals their input?

    <p>To avoid fluid overload or dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of urinary incontinence is characterized by emptying of the bladder without sensation of need to void?

    <p>Reflex UI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for patients to be able to void easily and demonstrate appropriate self-care behaviors?

    <p>To ensure proper elimination and hygiene practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Kegel exercises when done 30-80 times per day?

    <p>To enhance muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can suppress the central nervous system and diminish the effectiveness of neural reflex in micturition?

    <p>Analgesics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which urinary condition is falsely stated in the given text?

    <p>Males often get UTIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a 24-hour urine specimen involve?

    <p>Collecting urine over a 24-hour period into one container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause Functional Urinary Incontinence according to the text?

    <p>Broken foot or morphine use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    We can delegate Foley insertion to a CNA

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A urinary diversion specimen is urine that is collected from a stoma or other appliance such as a suprapubic catheter.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Medications, food and fluid intake, and activity and muscle tone are other factors affecting micturition.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Factors Affecting Micturition

    • Medications, food and fluid intake, and activity and muscle tone are other factors affecting micturition.
    • Toilet training and effects of aging also affect micturition.

    Renal Problems

    • Congenital urinary tract abnormalities are associated with renal problems.
    • Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder causing kidney enlargement and loss of function over time.
    • UTI, HTN, Diabetes, Gout, and connective tissue disorders are diseases associated with renal problems.

    Urinary Calculi and Infections

    • Urinary calculi are masses or stones that form in the urinary tract and may cause pain, bleeding, or infection.
    • Pyelonephritis is when a UTI infection has traveled to the kidneys.

    Medications and Urination

    • Diuretics prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes in tubules.
    • Cholinergic medications stimulate contraction of detrusor muscle, producing urination.
    • Analgesics and tranquilizers suppress CNS, diminishing effectiveness of neural reflex.

    Urine Collection and Catheterization

    • A clean-catch specimen is collected when the patient cleans the genital area with antiseptic wipes before urinating.
    • A midstream specimen is collected when the patient urinates, stops the stream, then collects the specimen in the container.
    • A sterile specimen is collected directly from the bladder.
    • A urinary diversion specimen is collected from a stoma or other appliance such as a suprapubic catheter.
    • A 24-hour urine specimen is the total amount of urine collected over a 24-hour period into one container.
    • Reasons for catheterization include relieving acute urinary retention, obtaining a sterile specimen, and accurate measurement of output in critically ill patients.

    Incontinence and Urination

    • Continent patients are able to get to the restroom.
    • Incontinent patients are patients who void on themselves and have no control over urination.
    • Indwelling catheters, also known as foley catheters, stay inside the patient's bladder and catch the urine into a bag.
    • To help patients urinate, promote fluid intake and assist with toileting if needed.
    • Encourage patients to maintain regular voiding habits and strengthen muscle tone to help with urination elimination.

    Incontinence Types

    • Transient UI: appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less.
    • Mixed UI: urine loss with features of two or more types of incontinence.
    • Overflow UI: overdistention and overflow of bladder.
    • Functional UI: caused by factors outside the urinary tract such as a broken foot, or morphine.
    • Reflex UI: emptying of the bladder without sensation of need to void.
    • Total UI: continuous, unpredictable loss of urine.
    • Stress UI: involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

    Nursing Care

    • Nurses are responsible for catheter insertion and care for patients receiving an indwelling catheter.
    • Nurses care for patients with a urologic stent, urinary diversion, or patient receiving dialysis.
    • Make sure to take steps to maintain skin integrity especially in incontinent patients.
    • It is important for female patients to strengthen pelvic floor muscles through Kegel exercises, which should be done 30-80 times per day.

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    Description

    Explore the various factors affecting micturition, such as toilet training, aging, medications, food intake, and congenital urinary tract abnormalities. Learn about conditions like polycystic kidney disease and urinary calculi in this quiz.

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