Facing the Dragon: Black Mothering in the Americas
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate number of police killings in the United States per year?

  • 1500
  • 750
  • 1250
  • 1000 (correct)
  • What percentage of deaths by legal intervention were Black men between 1960 and 2010?

  • 42.3% (correct)
  • 50.7%
  • 32.1%
  • 58.9%
  • What is the average number of people killed by police in Brazil per day?

  • 4
  • 6 (correct)
  • 3
  • 8
  • Which demographic is most disproportionately affected by police killings in Brazil?

    <p>Young Black working-class males (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event brought attention to anti-Black violence impacting Black women?

    <p>The killing of Sandra Bland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the African American Policy Forum (AAPF) in relation to anti-Black violence?

    <p>They work to raise awareness regarding anti-Black violence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable feature of police killings in Brazil compared to the U.S.?

    <p>They follow a masculinized pattern of anti-Blackness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the number of people killed by police in Brazil in 2012 according to official records?

    <p>1890 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant challenge for LaKiza that day?

    <p>She failed to show up for work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the experience of Larry Jackson Jr.'s death specifically affect Black mothers?

    <p>It created gender-specific trauma. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Larry Jackson Jr. do after discovering the bank was locked?

    <p>He circled the bank to check for activity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the story of Ricardo and Enio’s mother illustrate?

    <p>The effects of police violence on families, particularly Black mothers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor complicated the ability of Black women to access resources and opportunities?

    <p>Intersectional forms of discrimination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about LaKiza's mental state at that time?

    <p>She existed in an emotional limbo. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of emotional impact did Larry's actions and the surrounding events have on families?

    <p>It led to trauma affecting the entire family. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique challenges did Black mothers face according to the account?

    <p>Their struggles were compounded by both gender and race. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant physical change did LaKiza experience due to grief?

    <p>Lost forty pounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did LaKiza describe her mother's mental state following the loss?

    <p>She became emotionally depleted and aged (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was LaKiza’s daughter’s reaction to her uncle’s death?

    <p>She lost twenty-five pounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the content suggest about the impact of grief on individuals?

    <p>Grief can emotionally and physically affect those surrounding the individual in mourning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of narrative is discussed regarding violence in the context of Latin America?

    <p>Violence is naturalized as part of everyday life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What comparison is made regarding the conditions of death for Black people in the U.S. and Brazil?

    <p>They show similar political realities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LaKiza find challenging when trying to comfort her mother?

    <p>The contradiction of offering hope without certainty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the psychological impacts of trauma from loss?

    <p>They can have long-lasting effects on both body and spirit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the campaign initially titled 'Reaja ou Ser a Mort@!' use to represent gender inclusion?

    <p>The symbol '@' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to define the conditions faced by Black individuals in the United States, according to the content?

    <p>Anti-Black genocide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group does the content mention as having a median death rate ratio exceeding 2.5 compared to White men?

    <p>Black men (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is mentioned as having provided feedback to help develop the essay?

    <p>Aisha Beliso-De Jesus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the relationship between police and citizens is discussed in the essay?

    <p>Complex and often confusing dynamics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has the campaign switched to using for gender inclusivity other than '@'?

    <p>The letter 'X' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which person's family story was acknowledged as an inspiration behind the research?

    <p>LaKiza (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stated about the legal status of African Americans during the discussed time period?

    <p>They were considered technical citizens of the nation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the state’s violence does Andreia note is invisible?

    <p>Sequelae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Pateman and Mills suggest about the social contract in modern societies?

    <p>It is a gender and racial contract. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between patriarchy and White supremacy in the context of the state?

    <p>They are ideological underpinnings of social order. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique aspect does Black mothering bring to the experience of loss?

    <p>It creates a pattern of sequelae specific to gendered experiences of anti-Blackness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Larry's mother, Billie, intuitively sense?

    <p>That something is wrong. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe individuals in the realm of 'bare life'?

    <p>Killable subjects without justification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Larry Jackson Jr.'s family try to reach him on the day of his death?

    <p>They texted and called him multiple times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the 'zone of zoe' characterized in relation to ancient Greece?

    <p>Home life as non-political (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups are specifically mentioned to be included in the zone of bare life?

    <p>Women, children, the elderly, and mentally ill (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Kleinert's confrontation with Larry?

    <p>Kleinert beat Larry and then shot him. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotional impact does death have on children, according to the content?

    <p>Children experience irreparable damage due to the loss. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ideology of gendered anti-Blackness inform?

    <p>The operation of the state’s apparatuses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique aspect ties the modern American nation-state project to the subjugation of Black bodies?

    <p>Anti-Blackness as a distinct process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What time was Larry Jackson Jr. killed?

    <p>Approximately 4 PM. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant reaction from Larry's children regarding his death?

    <p>They found it hard not to cry while observing their family's grief. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the affect associated with Black mothering result in?

    <p>A unique experience of loss particular to Black mothers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Police Killings in the US

    Approximately 1000 police killings occur annually in the USA.

    Racial Bias in Police Killings (US)

    Approximately 42.3% of deaths by legal intervention in the US between 1960 and 2010 were Black men.

    Historical Context of Police Violence

    Police killings are connected to historical anti-Black violence and lynching.

    Police Violence Beyond US

    Racially biased lethal policing is not limited to the USA and also affects other countries.

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    Police Lethality in Brazil

    In Brazil, an estimated six people are killed by police each day, disproportionately young, Black, working-class, and male.

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    Brazil Police Killings (2012)

    In 2012, the police in Brazil killed 1890 people.

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    Anti-Black Violence: Gender Analysis

    A gender analysis of anti-Black violence is crucial, especially considering the impact on Black women.

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    Transnational Anti-Black Violence

    Anti-black state violence is not just local, but part of a larger transnational pattern that affects different countries, showing similar traits and trends.

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    Impact on Black Mothers

    The death of a loved one due to police violence has a unique and specific impact on Black mothers, often leading to challenges with work, relationships, and mental well-being.

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    Intersectional Discrimination

    The combined effects of racism and sexism create obstacles for Black women, limiting their access to resources and opportunities, especially in the workplace.

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    Trauma and Social Interaction

    The profound trauma experienced by Black mothers after the police killing of their loved ones can hinder their engagement with society.

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    Larry Jackson Jr.'s Case

    Larry Jackson Jr. was killed by police in 2013 after being mistaken for a bank robber, highlighting the dangers faced by Black men by law enforcement.

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    Ricardo and Enio's Mother

    The mother of Ricardo and Enio experienced significant hardship after their deaths, demonstrating the lasting impact of police violence on families.

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    Gendered Impact of Police Killings

    The impact of police killings on families is not uniform. Black mothers experience specific challenges due to the intersectionality of their identities.

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    Police Violence and Family Dynamics

    Police violence can strain family relationships, leading to mental health challenges and difficulties in daily life.

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    The Nexus of Sexism and Racism

    The combined force of sexism and racism creates barriers for Black women in accessing resources and opportunities, particularly in the workplace.

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    Black Mothers' Unique Pain

    The experience of losing a loved one due to police violence is particularly intense for Black mothers due to the intersectionality of their identities as Black women and mothers.

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    Intersectional Realities

    Black mothers' experiences are shaped by the intersection of their race and gender, leading to unique challenges and vulnerabilities.

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    Matchless Affect of Black Mothering

    The profound emotional response of Black mothers to the loss of a loved one, especially due to police violence, is distinct and deeply rooted in their experiences.

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    Transnational Anti-Blackness

    The patterns of anti-Black violence and its impact on Black mothers are not limited to specific locations but are found across different countries, reflecting a global issue.

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    Loss's Impact on Children

    Police violence against a parent deeply affects children, leading to lasting emotional and psychological consequences, particularly for young children.

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    Motherly Instinct in Action

    Black mothers often have an intuitive understanding when something is wrong with their children, even when their loved ones try to hide their troubles.

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    Sequelae of Black Mothering

    The long-term effects of losing a loved one to police violence on Black mothers often include emotional distress, social isolation, and difficulty in daily life.

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    Anti-Black Violence: A Personal Story

    The story of Larry Jackson Jr., a Black man killed by police in Texas, illustrates the devastating consequences of anti-Black violence and its widespread impact on communities.

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    Grief-Induced Fast

    A drastic reduction in food intake caused by the overwhelming sadness and pain of losing a loved one.

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    Intergenerational Grief

    The emotional pain of loss that extends beyond the individual experiencing it, affecting their family and future generations.

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    Impact of Loss on Black Mothers

    The death of a loved one through police brutality has a profound and unique impact on Black mothers, often leading to emotional distress, physical deterioration, and social isolation.

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    Violence as a Cultural Norm?

    The misconception that violence is an inherent feature of certain cultures, particularly in Latin America, often used to justify excessive police violence.

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    Postcolonial Context of Violence

    Violence in Brazil, as in many postcolonial nations, is not a natural outcome of the culture but a consequence of the legacy of colonialism and ongoing racialized oppression.

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    Similarities in Anti-Black Violence

    Anti-Black violence in countries like Brazil and the United States demonstrates striking parallels, highlighting the transnational nature of racist systems of power.

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    Police Killings as a Political Reality

    The alarming number of police killings, especially targeting Black individuals, reveals a political reality where systemic racism fuels violence against marginalized communities.

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    Impact on Family Dynamics

    The trauma of police violence disrupts family relationships, leading to increased emotional strain, mental health struggles, and challenges in daily life.

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    Social Contract

    A set of unwritten rules and understandings that govern how people interact in a society. It defines rights, responsibilities, and the relationship between citizens and the state.

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    Gender Contract

    A specific aspect of the social contract that privileges men and disadvantages women in terms of power, rights, and social roles.

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    Racial Contract

    A specific aspect of the social contract that privileges white people and disadvantages people of color in terms of power, rights, and social roles.

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    Zoe

    Bare life or biological existence, referring to the state of being vulnerable and killable. It's a stripped-down form of life without political rights or protection.

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    Oikos

    The private sphere of the home, where women, children, and the elderly were confined in ancient Greece. It was considered a non-political space, separate from the public sphere of men's politics (polis).

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    Gendered Anti-Blackness

    A system of beliefs and practices that combines racism and sexism, leading to the specific oppression of Black women. It's a unique facet of the state's ideology.

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    State Apparatuses

    The various institutions and organizations that carry out the functions of the state, implementing its policies and ideology. Examples include police, courts, prisons, and education systems.

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    Modern American Nation-State Project

    The historical process of establishing and maintaining the United States as a nation with its own territory, government, and identity. It's deeply intertwined with anti-Blackness and the subjugation of Black bodies.

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    What is Anti-Black Genocide?

    Anti-Black genocide is the systematic killing of Black people, often fueled by racism and facilitated by state structures like the police. This can involve direct violence or indirect forms like economic deprivation and healthcare disparities.

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    What is the 'Rate Ratio'?

    The 'rate ratio' is a statistical measure used to compare the frequency of a certain event (like death by police) in two groups, such as Black men versus White men. A higher rate ratio indicates a significant difference in the frequency of that event between the groups.

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    What is the 'Legal Intervention'?

    'Legal intervention' refers to situations where law enforcement (police) is involved in causing a death. This can include shootings, arrests gone wrong, or even excessive force during a routine interaction.

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    Colonial Conditions

    Colonial conditions refer to the ongoing legacy of colonization, where power structures and inequalities persist even after independence. This can involve the exploitation of resources, the suppression of cultures, and the erosion of human rights.

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    Study Notes

    Facing the Dragon: Black Mothering, Sequelae, and Gendered Necropolitics in the Americas

    • Anti-Black state violence globally is a gendered necropolitical logic, primarily affecting Black women disproportionately.
    • While state terror often immediately kills Black men, the longer-term, indirect effects disproportionately impact Black women, particularly mothers.
    • Black mothers are often demonized and perceived as enemies of the state, posing a political threat.
    • Anti-Black violence results in sequelae, lingering, devastating effects on communities surrounding victims.
    • This violence is transnational, occurring in both Brazil and the US, and deeply affects Black mothers who raise children in these environments.
    • Black motherhood must be understood broadly, encompassing biological, social, and communal caregiving roles and responsibilities.
    • Black mothers' resilience and responses to violence, including community organizing and activism, are crucial in resisting this violence.

    Gendered Necropolitics

    • Necropolitics is the subjugation of life to the power of death, used by controlling entities (eg, the state) to maintain power structures.
    • Anti-Black violence, a form of necropolitics, has severe and long-lasting effects on the lives of Black people in the Americas.
    • The impact of violence is not restricted to those directly killed but also extends to those affected by the consequences of the violence.
    • This violence disproportionately affects Black women, particularly mothers, and their communities.

    Black Mothers and State Violence

    • The author examines how police killings of Black people, especially Black men, have indirect but harmful impacts on the emotional and physical well-being of Black mothers.
    • Cases of the killing of Black men (eg., Michael Brown, Trayvon Martin) and the slow, ongoing effects on the families, especially mothers, and communities are explored as examples.
    • The author highlights the experience of Black mothers and their families, who face immediate and ongoing trauma due to state-sanctioned violence.
    • The author argues that understanding anti-Black violence requires a focus on the effects on Black mothers and family units.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the intersection of Black motherhood and anti-Black violence in the Americas, highlighting the unique challenges faced by Black mothers. Topics include gendered necropolitics, community resilience, and the socio-political implications of state violence. Understand how Black motherhood extends beyond biological roles to include activism and communal responsibilities.

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