23 Questions
What is the source of energy in primary active transport?
Breakdown of ATP or other high-energy phosphate compounds
What is required for both primary and secondary active transport?
Carrier proteins
Which of the following is an example of a substance that can be actively transported through cell membranes?
Sodium ions
What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?
The type of energy used
Where do the carrier proteins involved in active transport reside?
Through the cell membrane
What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump?
To control the volume of each cell
What is the concentration of calcium ions in the intracellular cytosol compared to the extracellular fluid?
10,000 times lower
How many receptor sites for binding sodium ions are present on the Na+-K pump?
3
What is the ATPase activity located on the Na+-K pump?
Near the sodium binding sites
What would happen to most cells in the body without the function of the Na+-K pump?
They would swell until they burst
How many primary active transport calcium pumps are mentioned in the text?
2
What is the function of the carrier protein in the cell membrane?
To pump calcium ions out of the cell
In which organelles does the carrier protein pump calcium ions?
Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the ATPase enzyme in the carrier protein?
To cleave ATP
In which part of the body is primary active transport of hydrogen ions important?
Gastric glands of the stomach and renal tubules
What is the result of primary active transport of hydrogen ions in the gastric glands?
Secretion of hydrochloric acid
What type of cells in the renal tubules are involved in primary active transport of hydrogen ions?
Intercalated cells
What is facilitated diffusion also known as?
Carrier-mediated diffusion
What happens to the rate of facilitated diffusion as the concentration of the diffusing substance increases?
It approaches a maximum, called Vmax
What type of transporter is GLUT1?
Uniporter
What is the direction of movement in active transport?
Uphill, against the concentration gradient
What is the key difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
The rate of diffusion approaches a maximum, Vmax
What is the purpose of a carrier protein in facilitated diffusion?
To facilitate diffusion of the substance
Understand the process of facilitated diffusion, a type of carrier-mediated diffusion, and how it differs from simple diffusion.
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