Facials Chapter 23 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

______ is a very important part of the facial treatment because it determines what type of skin the client has, the condition of skin, and what type of treatment the skin needs.

Skin analysis

The opportunity to ask a client questions about his or her health and skin care history and to advise the client about appropriate home care products and treatments occurs during the _________

Consultation

Before beginning the analysis, what must the client fill out?

Client intake form

__________ is a condition that requires avoiding certain treatments, procedures, or products to prevent undesirable side effects.

Contraindications Signup and view all the answers

Last week, your client just stopped taking the drug isotretinoin for cystic acne. Today, she wants an exfoliation treatment you should:

Explain that she needs to wait at least six months for the service Signup and view all the answers

List the main contraindications.

Use of Accutane, exfoliating drugs, pregnancy, metal bones pins or plates in the body, heart conditions or pacemaker, known allergies, seizures or epilepsy, use of oral steroids, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, sensitive skin, recent facial surgery or laser treatment, blood thinners, open sores Signup and view all the answers

You may perform a facial on a client who has a fever blister, as long as you avoid the lip area.

False Signup and view all the answers

What additional information can you obtain when the client completes the client intake form that then can be transcribed onto the service record card?

Clients name, home address, email and phone number, occupation, date of birth, medical history and medications, contraindications, if they've had a facial before, and info on clients' skin care products they use. Signup and view all the answers

Why should client intake forms be kept separate and secured?

They have private information. Signup and view all the answers

Clients with combination dry skin may have this condition.

Clogged pores in the nose, chin, and center of the forehead. Signup and view all the answers

Why should you remove your rings or bracelets when performing a facial on a client?

You could accidentally injure the client. Signup and view all the answers

Skin that does not have visible pores would be considered _____.

Alipidic skin or dry skin. Signup and view all the answers

Why is acne considered a skin type?

Because the tendency to develop acne is hereditary. Signup and view all the answers

________ is a disorder in which the hair follicles become clogged, resulting in infection of the follicle with redness and inflammation.

Acne Signup and view all the answers

What are the two typical causes of hyperpigmentation of the skin?

Sun exposure and hormone imbalances. Signup and view all the answers

Treatments that _ and _ improve the appearance of aging skin.

Hydrate and exfoliate. Signup and view all the answers

_____ are designed to clean the surface of the skin and remove make-up.

Cleansers Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of cleansers?

Cleansing milks and foaming cleansers. Signup and view all the answers

Also known as fresheners or astringents, what are lotions that rebalance the pH and remove remnants of cleansers from the skin?

Toners Signup and view all the answers

Toners may contain ingredients that help to:

Help hydrate or soothe, exfoliating ingredients to help remove dead skin cells. Signup and view all the answers

Fresheners and astringents are usually stronger products with higher alcohol content, and are used to treat ______.

Oilier skin types. Signup and view all the answers

How are toning products applied?

Cotton pads after cleansing. Signup and view all the answers

What do exfoliants do?

Remove excess dead cells from the skin surface. Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of using exfoliants?

Clear skin of clogged pores and improve the appearance of wrinkles, aging, and hyperpigmentation. Signup and view all the answers

Cosmetologists may use products that remove dead surface cells from the ______.

Stratum corneum. Signup and view all the answers

List the two basic types of exfoliants.

Mechanical and chemical. Signup and view all the answers

This exfoliant works by physically removing dead cell buildup.

Mechanical. Signup and view all the answers

How do chemical exfoliants work?

Chemicals that either loosen or dissolve dead cell buildup. Signup and view all the answers

Popular exfoliating chemicals are ______.

Alpha hydroxy acids. Signup and view all the answers

Salon alpha hydroxy acid exfoliants are often referred to as:

Peels. Signup and view all the answers

Salon alpha hydroxy acids contain larger concentrations of AHA, usually around ______ percent.

20-30%. Signup and view all the answers

What are two precautions that must be taken before giving a client an AHA treatment?

Client has had to use 10% AHA products at home for two weeks prior; has no contraindications; and is using daily facial sunscreen. Signup and view all the answers

_______ or another type of chemical exfoliant are known as enzymes or proteins dissolving agents.

Keratolytic enzyme peels. Signup and view all the answers

How does an enzyme peel work?

Dissolving keratin protein in the surface cells of skin. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic types of keratolytic enzyme peels?

Cream-type enzyme peels, powder. Signup and view all the answers

_______ are products that help increase the moisture content of the skin surface.

Moisturizers. Signup and view all the answers

Moisturizers are mixtures of ______ also known as hydrators, which are ingredients that attract water and emollients.

Humectants. Signup and view all the answers

What is an emollient?

Oily or fatty ingredients to prevent moisture from leaving the skin. Signup and view all the answers

Moisturizers that are most often in lotion form and generally contain smaller amounts of emollient are for _____?

Oily skin. Signup and view all the answers

Moisturizers that are often in the form of a heavier cream and contain more emollients are needed by ____

Dry skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important habit to benefit the skin?

Shielding the skin from sun exposure. Signup and view all the answers

A sun protection factor measures how long a person can be exposed to the sun without ____.

Burning. Signup and view all the answers

An _______ or higher is considered to be adequate strength for daily use.

15 SPF. Signup and view all the answers

_____ are concentrated products that generally contain higher concentrations of ingredients designed to penetrate the skin and treat various skin conditions.

Serums. Signup and view all the answers

Lubricants used to make the skin slippery during massage are called____.

Massage creams. Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend in treatment products for massage?

Penetrate the skin. Signup and view all the answers

____ are concentrated treatment products used to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish the skin.

Masks. Signup and view all the answers

Contain oils, emollients, and humectants; used to moisturize dry skin.

Cream masks. Signup and view all the answers

Contain paraffin and are melted at a little more than body temperature before application, hardening to a candle-like consistency.

Paraffin wax masks. Signup and view all the answers

Contain special crystals of gypsum.

Modelage masks. Signup and view all the answers

Oil absorbing cleansing masks that have an exfoliating and astringent effect on oily and combination skin.

Clay-based masks. Signup and view all the answers

Used for sensitive or dehydrated skin.

Gel masks. Signup and view all the answers

Often seaweed based.

Alginate masks. Signup and view all the answers

Generally applies underneath alginate masks.

Treatment cream. Signup and view all the answers

The thin, open-meshed fabric of loosely woven cotton that is used to hold the mask on the face is called

Gauze. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gauze?

Holds mask on face, allowing ingredients to seep into the skin. Signup and view all the answers

_______ is sometimes used instead of gauze.

Cheese cloth. Signup and view all the answers

_____ is the manual or mechanical manipulation of the body by rubbing, gently pinching, kneading, tapping, and other movements.

Massage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of massage?

Increase metabolism and circulation, promote absorption, relieve pain. Signup and view all the answers

Why do cosmetologists perform massage?

To keep facial skin healthy and the facial muscles firm. Signup and view all the answers

To master massage technique, you just have a basic knowledge of ____.

Anatomy and physiology & practice performing. Signup and view all the answers

A cosmetologist should only massage what portions of the body?

Scalp, face, neck, shoulder, upper chest, hands and arms, feet, and lower legs. Signup and view all the answers

Keep hands soft by using ___ and file and shape nails to avoid _ your client.

Creams; scratching. Signup and view all the answers

The impact of a massage treatment depends on:

Amount of pressure, direction of movement, duration of each type of manipulation. Signup and view all the answers

The direction of movement is always from the _ of the muscle towards its _.

Insertion; origin. Signup and view all the answers

Which portion of the muscle is the more movable attachment, meaning it is attached to another muscle or a movable bone or joint?

Insertion. Signup and view all the answers

Which portion of the muscle is the fixed attachment, meaning it is attached to an immovable section of the skeleton?

Origin. Signup and view all the answers

What could result if the muscle is massaged in the wrong direction?

Loss of resiliency and sagging. Signup and view all the answers

Every muscle has a _____, which is a point in the skin over the muscle where pressure or stimulation will cause contraction of that muscle.

Motor point. Signup and view all the answers

Once you have started facial manipulation, do not ___ your hands from the client's face until you are done with the service.

Remove. Signup and view all the answers

What is an additional consideration required when massaging a male client's face?

Use downward movement in beard area; massaging against hair growth hurts. Signup and view all the answers

Facial machines will help to:

Increase the efficiency of your products, increase product penetration, provide a more complete and relaxing treatment. Signup and view all the answers

A facial ______ heats and produces a stream of warm steam that can be focused on the client's face or other areas of the skin.

Steamer. Signup and view all the answers

Steaming the skin helps to ______, making it more accepting of moisturizers and other treatment products.

Soften tissues. Signup and view all the answers

When is steam usually administered?

At the beginning. Signup and view all the answers

What may also be used for a steam treatment if a steamer is not available?

Warm steamed towel. Signup and view all the answers

A rotating electric appliance with interchangeable brushes that can be attached to the rotating head is called a _____

Brushing machine. Signup and view all the answers

Brushing is a form of _____ and is usually administered after or during steam.

Mechanical exfoliation. Signup and view all the answers

What does brushing do?

Remove dead cells from the skin surface, make skin look smoother and even in color. Signup and view all the answers

Brushing should never be used on clients using _ or on clients who have ___.

Keratolytic drugs, retin-A, Differin, Tazorac; rosacea, sensitive skin, inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

The skin suction and cold spray machine should only be used on skin that is:

Noninflamed and nonsensitive. Signup and view all the answers

The skin suction and cold spray machine is used to ______ and apply jet-spray lotions and toners onto the skin.

Increase circulation. Signup and view all the answers

Galvanic and high-frequency treatments are types of ______, which is the use of electrical currents to treat the skin.

Electrotherapy. Signup and view all the answers

An ______ is an applicator for directing electrical currents from the machine to the client's skin.

Electrode. Signup and view all the answers

___ machines have 1 electrode and _ have 2.

High-frequency; galvanic. Signup and view all the answers

The process of softening and emulsifying hardened sebum stuck in the follicles is called:

Desincrustation. Signup and view all the answers

The process that uses galvanic current to enable water-double products that contain ions to penetrate the skin.

Iontophoresis. Signup and view all the answers

It is critical to always apply the passive electrode in the ______ of the client's body to avoid having the current flow through the client's heart.

Right side. Signup and view all the answers

A type of galvanic treatment using a very low level of electrical current that has many applications in skin care is _____

Microcurrent. Signup and view all the answers

______ current is used to stimulate blood flow and help products penetrate the skin.

High-frequency. Signup and view all the answers

Electrodes for high-frequency machines are made of _____

Many gases and glass. Signup and view all the answers

How many electrodes do high-frequency machines require?

<ol> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How can you prevent burns to a client during the use of galvanic current treatments?

Client should avoid any contact with metal. Signup and view all the answers

What techniques are used to apply high-frequency?

Direct and indirect. Signup and view all the answers

Traditionally, _____ have been used to heat the skin and increase blood flow.

Infrared lamps. Signup and view all the answers

What is a popular type of light therapy?

Light-emitting diode (LED). Signup and view all the answers

What does the LED treatment do?

Uses concentrated light that flashes rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cosmetic use of LED light therapy?

Minimize redness, warm lower-level tissues, stimulate blood flow, improve skin smoothness. Signup and view all the answers

A client who has a _____ disorder should not receive LED treatments.

Seizure. Signup and view all the answers

A type of mechanical exfoliation that uses a vacuum to shoot crystals into the skin, bumping off cell buildup that is then vacuumed by suction, is known as _____

Microdermabrasion. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Analysis and Treatment

Skin analysis is essential to determine skin type, condition, and necessary treatments.
Consultations allow for gathering information about the client's health and skincare history.

Client Intake and Contraindications

Clients must complete a client intake form prior to analysis.
Contraindications require avoidance of specific treatments to prevent adverse effects.

Precautions and Conditions

Clients on isotretinoin should wait at least six months before receiving exfoliant treatments.
Contraindications include a history of Accutane use, pregnancy, and various medical conditions.

Skin Types and Care

Combination dry skin may lead to clogged pores, especially in the T-zone.
Acne is hereditary and considered a skin type due to its genetic component.

Cleansing and Toning

Cleansers are designed to remove makeup and cleanse the skin's surface.
Toners re-balance the skin's pH and may contain hydrating and exfoliating ingredients.

Exfoliation Techniques

Exfoliants remove dead skin cells and promote smoother skin texture.
Types of exfoliants include mechanical (physical scrubs) and chemical (AHAs, enzymes).

Moisturizers and Sun Protection

Moisturizers increase skin moisture and contain humectants that attract water.
SPF protection is crucial to shield the skin from sun exposure, with a minimum of SPF 15 recommended.

Massage Techniques

Massage increases metabolism, circulation, and absorption of products while relieving pain.
Direction of massage movements should always flow from insertion to origin of muscles.

Facial Machines and Electrotherapy

Facial machines enhance treatment efficacy and product penetration.
Electrotherapy includes techniques like galvanic and high-frequency treatments for skin rejuvenation.

Light and Heat Treatments

LED therapy minimizes redness and improves skin smoothness.
Infrared lamps traditionally used to heat skin and increase blood flow.

Safety and Best Practices

Avoid using certain treatments on sensitive or inflamed skin.
Strict adherence to safety protocols is required during all client treatments.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of facial treatments from Chapter 23 of Milady's curriculum. This quiz will cover essential terms, skin analysis, and client consultation techniques. Get ready to enhance your understanding of skin care practices!