Facial Recognition Ethics in India

Case Study #1 – Facial Recognition in India Raises Concerns

• Telangana authorities are using facial recognition software, raising concerns about privacy violations.
• Collection of photos and biometric data without consent is a privacy violation.
• Profiling and lack of transparency contribute to ethical concerns.
• No safeguards exist for preventing misuse of the collected data.
• The practice clashes with a Supreme Court ruling on privacy as a fundamental right.
• The use of the software violates a 1920 law prohibiting the photographing or fingerprinting of those not arrested or convicted.

Case Study #2 – Driving Change through Technology, the Indigenous Way

• Bell's values (integrity, respect, safety, ethical conduct, and conflict avoidance) relate to honest data handling, respecting data rights, preventing misuse, following laws, and avoiding personal gain from data.
• Animikii's values (humility, truth, honesty, wisdom, respect, courage, and love) relate to respecting client views, promoting transparency, honest data use, beneficial use, data sovereignty, advocating ethical practices, prioritizing community well-being.
• Cultural safety in data privacy includes data sovereignty, cultural respect, inclusive policies, informed consent, heritage protection and cultural sensitivity training.

Case Study #3 – “No Thank-you” to Donuts and TikTok Questions

• Tim Hortons' collection of customer location data without explicit consent was unethical and violated privacy.
• The app tracked user location even when inactive, violating privacy rights.
• There's a debate about banning apps sharing Canadian data with foreign governments, with considerations for national security and personal data. The specific countries involved could influence the decision.

Chapter 4 - Case #1 - Our Biggest Infrastructure Failure

• Effective emergency communications are crucial for national resilience during disasters and emergency services.
• Companies like Rogers should train employees in emergency response and conduct regular drills.
• Organizations need emergency plans, testing backup systems, and clear procedures for crisis management.
• Individual preparedness includes creating a kit, securing documents, having an emergency contact list, and ensuring the home is weatherproof.

Chapter 4 - Case #2 - Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) Goes Code Grey

• Hacking a children's hospital carries significant ethical concerns, particularly regarding the potential for harm to vulnerable patients.
• Data minimization, storing only necessary data, minimizes the scope of potential breaches.
• Canada needs strong laws protecting children's data, given their vulnerability and the long-term impacts of collected data.

Chapter 7 - Case Study #1 – TEMU Arrives in Canada

• TEMU's long-term success depends on building trust, ensuring quality products, and addressing ethical concerns.
• The direct-source business model can complement other industries with a strong, verified source.
• Business pressures include economic conditions, competition, and social/ethical concerns.
• Amazon.ca is unlikely to be replaced by TEMU due to its superior logistics, established trust, and extensive product variety. Online retailers can counteract the threat by diversifying product offerings and improving customer service.

Chapter 7 - Case Study #2 – Online Fraud in Canada

• CAFC toolkits give broad fraud prevention advice, targeting diverse risks, while Shopify focuses on e-commerce-specific problems through software solutions.
• Small businesses can enhance security with multi-factor authentication, fraud detection tools, and periodic security audits.
• Information system controls (like access control, encryption, and transaction monitoring) safeguard against e-commerce fraud.

Chapter 7 - Case Study #3 – Direct Electric Vehicles Sales Via E-commerce

• Direct EV sales could lower costs but might affect employment and local revenue.

Chapter 10 - Case Study #1 – Composable Business

• Monolithic platforms: Integrated systems from a single vendor, simplifying implementation but limiting flexibility.
• Composable systems: Independent components integrated via APIs, enabling agility and customization but requiring careful planning.
• Technology's impact on banking includes adopting composable systems, enhancing online/mobile services, and leveraging cloud technology.

Chapter 10 - Case Study #2 – Centralized vs Decentralized

• Centralized IT: Efficiency, standardization, ease of maintenance, security, adherence to industry standards, but limits flexibility.
• Decentralized IT: Faster decision-making, customization, but can lead to different standards and security challenges.
• Cloud computing shifts reliance from centralized IT, facilitating hybrid solutions. Hybrid models combine centralized security and standardization with departmental autonomy, leveraging the cloud for scalability.

Chapter 10 - Case Study #3 – Haribo’s ERP Project

• Haribo aims to streamline production, replace outdated systems, and improve international operations.
• ERP implementation challenges include misalignment with business goals, employee resistance, and operational disruptions.
• Successful ERP upgrades require aligning goals with business objectives, careful planning of business process re-engineering, and rigorous pre-launch testing.

Guest Speaker – Tech Stewardship

• Tech stewardship focuses on shaping technology's impact for beneficial change and emphasizes the importance of values-driven technology use.
• Tech stewardship behaviours include purposeful, responsible, inclusive, and regenerative practices. Regenerative practices consider environmental, economic, community, and individual well-being.

Chapter 11 - Case Study #1 – Robust to the Rescue

• Autonomous mobile robots adapt to environments and perform diverse tasks, improving efficiency and labor costs in warehousing.
• Warehouses are unlikely to be fully automated due to the need for human judgment in complex scenarios.

Chapter 11 - Case Study #2 – IT helps Laura Canada to come back

• Laura Canada used IT solutions (single platform integration, AI-powered personalization, automated campaigns, enhanced website performance) to improve customer experience, boost sales, and improve supply chain efficiency. Other CRM approaches include loyalty programs and chatbots. Other supply chain approaches include demand forecasting.

Chapter 12 - Case Study #1 – North York General Hospital uses IBM Analytics solutions

• NYGH aims to improve patient care and operational efficiency, adopting a single data analysis system.
• Data sources include patient data, operational performance, financial data, and resources.
• Descriptive analytics applications include performance dashboards, reporting on QBPs, and real-time monitoring.
• Predictive applications involve forecasting ED volumes, managing bottlenecks, and optimizing patient flow. NYGH leveraged analytics during the COVID-19 pandemic for real-time data on cases, optimizing resources.

Chapter 12 - Case Study #2 – Google’s earth engine

• Google Earth Engine uses satellite imagery, aerial photography, street view, GIS, and environmental data.
• Descriptive analytics uses mapping tools for environmental monitoring and weather forecasting.
• Predictive analytics includes forecasting malaria outbreaks using real-time data and satellite imagery, enabling healthcare workers to predict and prepare for new cases.

Chapter 14 - Case Study #1 – Artificial Intelligence in Amazon Fulfillment Centres

• Amazon benefits from ML applications in improved efficiency, cost savings, real-time monitoring, and increased productivity.
• Human resource problems arising include pressure on workers, decreased breaks, and potential injuries due to demanding work pace. Potential solutions include automated scheduling and robotic safety enhancement. Management solutions to support workers are also needed.

Chapter 14 - Case Study #2 – AI in the Car Repair Industry

• AI in the car repair industry, primarily benefits insurance companies. Increased efficiency, cost savings, and improved accuracy in processing claims are advantages. Car repair shops face potential challenges of lower estimates, increased disputes, and less personal customer interaction.

This quiz examines ethical concerns surrounding the use of facial recognition technology in India, particularly the implications for privacy and data consent. It discusses the clash with legal rulings and the potential misuse of biometric data. Explore the dilemmas faced by authorities and the societal impact of such technologies.