Facial Anatomy and Trauma Care

Questions and Answers

The maxilla and zygoma are components of the ______.

Face

What is the most common type of facial fracture?

Maxilla

Orbit

Nasal (correct)

Mandible

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Provides respiration

Connects the scapulae together

Allows flexion of the neck

Allows movement of the head (correct)

The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye, is called the:

Pupil Signup and view all the answers

The skin and underlying tissues of the face:

Have a rich blood supply and bleed profusely. Signup and view all the answers

Facial injuries should be identified and treated as soon as possible because:

Of the risk for airway problems. Signup and view all the answers

Frequent reassessments of the patient with face or neck injuries are MOST important because:

Such injuries can affect the respiratory system. Signup and view all the answers

You are transporting an immobilized patient with severe facial trauma. As you are preparing to give your radio report to the hospital, the patient begins vomiting large amounts of blood. You should:

Turn the backboard onto its side. Signup and view all the answers

A 22-year-old male was walking on the beach and had sand blown into his eyes. He complains of pain and decreased vision to his right eye. Treatment should include:

Irrigating his right eye laterally. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of a head injury?

Briskly constricting pupils when exposed to light Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a 50-year-old male was splashed in the eyes with radiator fluid?

Carefully remove the contact lenses and then irrigate his eyes with saline. Signup and view all the answers

A 29-year-old male has an anterior nosebleed after he was accidentally elbowed in the nose. The MOST appropriate care for this patient includes:

Leaning him forward and pinching his nostrils together. Signup and view all the answers

A 44-year-old male sustained a laceration to his left ear during a car accident. Your assessment reveals minimal bleeding. Appropriate care for this patient includes:

Padding between the ear and the scalp. Signup and view all the answers

Following direct trauma to the upper part of the anterior neck, a young male presents with labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema in the soft tissues around his neck. You should suspect a(n):

Laryngeal fracture. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a clerk sustains a laceration to the side of the neck during a robbery attempt with bright red blood spurting from the laceration?

Apply direct pressure above and below the wound. Signup and view all the answers

What is the small, rounded, fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal called?

Tragus Signup and view all the answers

The conjunctiva are kept moist by fluid produced by the:

Lacrimal glands. Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal variations in pupil size and reaction would MOST likely be observed in a patient with:

A brain injury Signup and view all the answers

A young female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She complains of pain to her left eye, which appears to have a piece of glass impaled in it. Further assessment reveals a large laceration to her left forearm with active venous bleeding. As your partner manually stabilizes the patient's head, you should:

Apply direct pressure to her arm wound. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term defined as blood in the anterior chamber of the eye?

Hyphema Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Facial Anatomy and Fractures

The maxilla and zygoma are key components of the face.
Nasal fractures are the most common type of facial fracture.

Muscles and Functions

The sternocleidomastoid muscle allows for movement of the head.

Eye Anatomy

The pupil is the opening in the iris that lets light reach the back of the eye.

Facial Injuries: Characteristics and Risks

Facial skin has a rich blood supply, leading to profuse bleeding during injuries.
Early identification and treatment of facial injuries are crucial due to potential airway problems.
Reassessment of patients with facial or neck injuries is vital as such injuries can impact the respiratory system.

Patient Care Scenarios

In the event of a patient with severe facial trauma vomiting blood, it's critical to turn the backboard on its side to manage airway concerns.
For a patient with sand in their eyes, irrigating the affected eye laterally is recommended.
In cases of anterior nosebleeds, the patient should lean forward and pinch their nostrils together.

Eye and Ear Injuries

Patients splashed with harmful substances (like radiator fluid) while wearing contact lenses should have their lenses removed and eyes irrigated with saline.
For a laceration to the ear, appropriate care involves padding between the ear and the scalp.

Neck Injuries

Symptoms like labored breathing, loss of voice, and subcutaneous emphysema after neck trauma suggest a possible laryngeal fracture.
Bright red, spurting blood from a neck laceration requires direct pressure above and below the wound.

Additional Details

The tragus is a small, rounded bulge located anterior to the ear canal.
The conjunctiva is kept moist by fluids produced by the lacrimal glands.
Abnormal pupil sizes and reactions can indicate a brain injury.
"Hyphema" refers to the presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.

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Description

Explore the essential aspects of facial anatomy, including fractures, injuries, and associated care methods. Understand the key components of facial structures, common injuries, and crucial patient treatment scenarios. This quiz is designed for medical students and professionals focusing on facial trauma management.