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Eyewitness Identification Procedures Policy
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Eyewitness Identification Procedures Policy

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Questions and Answers

What should be done if there are multiple subjects of interest in a photo array?

  • Replace subjects with generic images to avoid confusion
  • Present all subjects at once to expedite the process
  • Include all subjects in a single photo array with fillers
  • Use different fillers in separate photo arrays for each subject (correct)

    • What is a key requirement for the layout of photos in the array?

  • Photos must have a similar layout and general appearance (correct)
  • Photos should be in random order to prevent bias
  • All photos should contain identifying marks for clarity
  • Photos should be in color and cover the entire page

    • Who should present the photo array to the victim/witness?

  • Any officer in the department irrespective of knowledge
  • A colleague who knows the subject of interest
  • An officer who has a relationship with the victim/witness
  • A member unaware of the subject of interest (correct)

    • What must a victim/witness do before viewing the photo array?

    <p>Acknowledge understanding of the provided instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is NOT part of the instructions given to the victim/witness?

    <p>You will see three photos in the photo array</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should identifying information on photos be handled?

    <p>Cover any identifying information before use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the blind administration of the photo array?

    <p>To ensure the officer's neutrality during identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the photos used in the array?

    <p>Photos should have consistent lighting and background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of establishing guidelines for eyewitness identification procedures?

    <p>To protect the innocent from misidentification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a procedure where the officer does not know which photo the eyewitness is identifying?

    <p>Blind Administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Filler' refer to in the context of eyewitness identification?

    <p>A person included in a line-up who is not a subject of interest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Field Show-up?

    <p>The immediate live presentation of a potential suspect after a crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'Photo Array'?

    <p>A series of photographs shown to an eyewitness to identify a criminal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation are the procedural guidelines on eyewitness identification mainly applicable?

    <p>For the identification of suspects in criminal investigations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Subject of Interest' refer to?

    <p>A person believed to have committed or been involved in a crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding eyewitness identification procedures is incorrect?

    <p>Field Show-ups can occur long after the crime has been committed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action must be taken if a victim or witness does not positively identify a subject of interest?

    <p>The subject of interest must be permitted to leave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition will a field show-up be considered acceptable?

    <p>The show-up occurs without suggestion and has no visibility of restraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios is NOT allowed in the field show-up procedure?

    <p>Conducting a show-up with the subject in a custody area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for non-investigative members to utilize field show-up identification?

    <p>Knowledge of the subject by the victim/witness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding the use of photo arrays is accurate?

    <p>A minimum of five fillers must be used in a photo array</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must members avoid in order to ensure a non-suggestive identification procedure?

    <p>Turning off their radios to prevent information leaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is NOT recommended for fillers in a photo array?

    <p>Different clothing styles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure when clothing articles from a crime scene are found?

    <p>They are not to be placed in contact with the subject of interest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical component of conducting a field show-up?

    <p>Immediate confrontation with the subject is necessary under certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can present photo arrays according to the directive?

    <p>Members assigned to an investigative element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is NOT considered when selecting fillers for a photo array?

    <p>Occupation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is prohibited when interacting with a victim/witness during identification?

    <p>Indicating that the respondent has an understanding of the subject's guilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with the identity of the subject of interest after a field show-up?

    <p>It must be recorded and included in the member's report.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach does the Department use when conducting eyewitness identification?

    <p>Sequential presentation approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a filler not be used if the administrator knows the filler?

    <p>It might bias the identification process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of approval is required for the use of artist sketches?

    <p>Approval by the controlling investigative division commander</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is least likely to be considered when deciding if a field show-up identification should take place?

    <p>The prior criminal history of the subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum time period allowed after a victim's/witness's observation to conduct a field show-up?

    <p>1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about conducting field show-ups is correct?

    <p>Live field show-ups are preferred over photographic methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a field show-up identification not be conducted?

    <p>When there is probable cause for an arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate reason for detaining a subject of interest for a field show-up?

    <p>They fit the description of an offender with reasonable suspicion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which identifier would be considered as a key identifier during a field show-up identification?

    <p>Specific logo on clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of documenting factors before a field show-up?

    <p>To prepare for possible court proceedings later</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of identification method should be avoided unless in an emergency during a field show-up?

    <p>Utilizing DMV photos on Department computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Eyewitness Identification Procedures

    • Aimed at protecting innocent individuals from misidentification while aiding in identifying suspects.
    • Guidelines specifically cover photo arrays and field show-ups.

    Key Terminology

    • Blind Administration: Administrator does not know the suspect’s identity during the photo array process.
    • Field Show-up: Live presentation of a suspect to a witness shortly after a crime.
    • Filler: Person or photo included in identification who is not the subject of interest.
    • Photo Array: Collection of photographs presented to a witness for identification.
    • Subject of Interest: Person suspected of involvement in a crime.

    Department Policies

    • No reliance on facial composites; artist sketches need division commander approval.
    • Non-investigative members may use single identification photos if the suspect is known to the witness.
    • Photo arrays only presented by members assigned to investigative units.

    Photo Arrays

    • Utilize a sequential presentation approach for eyewitness identification.
    • Require a minimum of five fillers, similar in appearance to the subject of interest (gender, race, age).
    • Fillers should not be familiar to the witness.
    • Only one subject of interest per photo array, with separate arrays for multiple subjects if needed.
    • Photos should be uniform in layout, devoid of identifying marks.
    • Presentations must be conducted blind; administrators must not know who the subject of interest is.

    Instructions for Witnesses

    • Witnesses must understand and sign acknowledgment of instructions before viewing the array, emphasizing their independent judgment.
    • Photos are handled as evidence, regardless of identification outcome.

    Field Show-ups

    • Considered inherently suggestive; officers must weigh specific factors such as viewing time and proximity to the crime before proceeding.
    • Should not take place if sufficient probable cause for an arrest exists without a witness identification.
    • Lawful to detain suspects fitting descriptions based on reasonable suspicion.
    • Must occur within one hour of the witness's observation and should ideally be live, not through photo comparison.
    • Emergency situations allow for rapid field show-ups, requiring a non-suggestive process.
    • Factors like handcuff visibility and location (not in police vehicles or cells) are crucial for fairness.
    • If no identification is made, suspects must be released unless further evidence develops.

    Conducting Show-ups

    • Subjects should not be returned to crime scenes to avoid contamination.
    • Witness transportation must maintain non-suggestive conditions to prevent bias.
    • Identification procedures must be managed to avoid implying suspect guilt to witnesses.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the procedural instructions issued by the Kansas City Missouri Police Department regarding Eyewitness Identification Procedures. It covers key aspects of the policy as effective from August 11, 2021, and its implications for law enforcement practices. Test your knowledge on the provisions and amendments related to the identification procedures.

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