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Questions and Answers
What detects rotational movement of the head in the vestibular system?
What detects rotational movement of the head in the vestibular system?
Which part of the brain is responsible for catching our balance when falling?
Which part of the brain is responsible for catching our balance when falling?
Where does awareness occur when balance is lost or there are dramatic mismatches between visual input and vestibular inputs?
Where does awareness occur when balance is lost or there are dramatic mismatches between visual input and vestibular inputs?
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
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What is transduction in the context of sensory systems?
What is transduction in the context of sensory systems?
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Which process involves assembling sensory signals into something meaningful?
Which process involves assembling sensory signals into something meaningful?
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What role does the brain play in sensory systems?
What role does the brain play in sensory systems?
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Which part of the ear converts sound vibrations into electrical signals?
Which part of the ear converts sound vibrations into electrical signals?
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Which part of the ear collects sound waves and funnels them into the ear canal?
Which part of the ear collects sound waves and funnels them into the ear canal?
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What is responsible for enabling pitch perception in the ear?
What is responsible for enabling pitch perception in the ear?
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What is responsible for maintaining balance through the vestibular system?
What is responsible for maintaining balance through the vestibular system?
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Where are odors detected by olfactory neurons processed?
Where are odors detected by olfactory neurons processed?
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What is the term for the smallest amount of stimulus change that we can detect?
What is the term for the smallest amount of stimulus change that we can detect?
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Which theory explains how we detect stimuli under uncertain conditions?
Which theory explains how we detect stimuli under uncertain conditions?
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What does Weber's Law state?
What does Weber's Law state?
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What is the term for our expectations influencing what we perceive?
What is the term for our expectations influencing what we perceive?
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What is the term for failure to detect obvious changes in the environment?
What is the term for failure to detect obvious changes in the environment?
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Which part of the eye changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye?
Which part of the eye changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye?
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What is the term for the hole where light enters the eye?
What is the term for the hole where light enters the eye?
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What substance dilates the pupil?
What substance dilates the pupil?
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What does absolute threshold refer to?
What does absolute threshold refer to?
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What is parallel processing in sensation and perception?
What is parallel processing in sensation and perception?
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Which part of the eye is responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision?
Which part of the eye is responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision?
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What is the process called when the eye adapts the focusing power of the lens based on the distance of objects?
What is the process called when the eye adapts the focusing power of the lens based on the distance of objects?
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What occurs in hyperopia (far-sightedness)?
What occurs in hyperopia (far-sightedness)?
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What is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?
What is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?
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Which type of depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, and interposition?
Which type of depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, and interposition?
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What is responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light?
What is responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light?
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What is the sense that involves sound vibrations and sound waves?
What is the sense that involves sound vibrations and sound waves?
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What determines the pitch of sound?
What determines the pitch of sound?
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Which part of the eye contains cell-receptors for vision and neurons?
Which part of the eye contains cell-receptors for vision and neurons?
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What begins in infancy and is essential for crawling?
What begins in infancy and is essential for crawling?
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Which illusion involves misperceptions such as the moon illusion and Ames Room illusion?
Which illusion involves misperceptions such as the moon illusion and Ames Room illusion?
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What occurs when images are focused in front of the retina or when the eyes are too long?
What occurs when images are focused in front of the retina or when the eyes are too long?
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Perception is the detection of physical energy by sense organs.
Perception is the detection of physical energy by sense organs.
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Transduction is the process of converting external stimulus into neural activity.
Transduction is the process of converting external stimulus into neural activity.
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Sensory systems translate physical signals into meaningful information for the brain.
Sensory systems translate physical signals into meaningful information for the brain.
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The brain's interpretation of raw sensory data is known as sensation.
The brain's interpretation of raw sensory data is known as sensation.
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Vestibular system is responsible for detecting rotational movement of the head
Vestibular system is responsible for detecting rotational movement of the head
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Sensory hair cells in the vestibular system transmit signals to the cerebellum to catch our balance when falling
Sensory hair cells in the vestibular system transmit signals to the cerebellum to catch our balance when falling
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Awareness of balance occurs only when balance is lost or there are dramatic mismatches between visual input and vestibular inputs
Awareness of balance occurs only when balance is lost or there are dramatic mismatches between visual input and vestibular inputs
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Deafness can only result from damage to the ear itself, and not from the auditory nerve or auditory cortex.
Deafness can only result from damage to the ear itself, and not from the auditory nerve or auditory cortex.
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The basilar membrane in the cochlea is responsible for transducing sound vibrations into electrical signals.
The basilar membrane in the cochlea is responsible for transducing sound vibrations into electrical signals.
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Our body only has two types of senses: somatosensory and vestibular.
Our body only has two types of senses: somatosensory and vestibular.
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The gustatory cortex is responsible for processing taste, while the olfactory cortex processes smell.
The gustatory cortex is responsible for processing taste, while the olfactory cortex processes smell.
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Humans can detect over 2000-4000 different tastes and a few distinct odors.
Humans can detect over 2000-4000 different tastes and a few distinct odors.
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Phantom limb syndrome is a condition where amputees feel sensations and pain in their missing limbs.
Phantom limb syndrome is a condition where amputees feel sensations and pain in their missing limbs.
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The somatosensory system is processed in the spinal cord, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex.
The somatosensory system is processed in the spinal cord, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex.
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Pain sensation can only be thermal or mechanical, and is not affected by hair color.
Pain sensation can only be thermal or mechanical, and is not affected by hair color.
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Proprioception helps us maintain body position and move efficiently.
Proprioception helps us maintain body position and move efficiently.
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Supertasters have an undersensitive response to certain tastes, due to a scarcity of taste buds.
Supertasters have an undersensitive response to certain tastes, due to a scarcity of taste buds.
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Babies can recognize their mothers and siblings based on their odors.
Babies can recognize their mothers and siblings based on their odors.
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The body senses work independently and do not interact to help us navigate the world.
The body senses work independently and do not interact to help us navigate the world.
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Cones are responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light, while rods provide color vision and are sensitive to detail.
Cones are responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light, while rods provide color vision and are sensitive to detail.
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The fovea is a large area of the retina responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision.
The fovea is a large area of the retina responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision.
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Binocular depth cues include binocular disparity and binocular convergence.
Binocular depth cues include binocular disparity and binocular convergence.
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Perception can never be deceiving, as our senses always accurately represent the world around us.
Perception can never be deceiving, as our senses always accurately represent the world around us.
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Motion perception occurs when the brain compares visual frames to determine motion.
Motion perception occurs when the brain compares visual frames to determine motion.
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Sound pitch is determined by the amplitude of the sound waves.
Sound pitch is determined by the amplitude of the sound waves.
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Myopia occurs when images are focused in front of the retina or when the eyes are too long.
Myopia occurs when images are focused in front of the retina or when the eyes are too long.
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The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.
The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.
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Monocular depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, interposition, linear perspective, height in plane, and light and shadow.
Monocular depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, interposition, linear perspective, height in plane, and light and shadow.
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The retina contains only rods, which are responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light.
The retina contains only rods, which are responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light.
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The vestibular system is responsible for catching our balance when falling.
The vestibular system is responsible for catching our balance when falling.
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Depth perception begins in adolescence and is not essential for crawling.
Depth perception begins in adolescence and is not essential for crawling.
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Signal-to-Noise Ratio refers to the fact that it becomes easier to detect a signal as background noise increases.
Signal-to-Noise Ratio refers to the fact that it becomes easier to detect a signal as background noise increases.
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Perceptual constancy means that we perceive a stimulus consistently across varied conditions.
Perceptual constancy means that we perceive a stimulus consistently across varied conditions.
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Primary colors for additive color mixing are red, green, and blue.
Primary colors for additive color mixing are red, green, and blue.
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The cornea is a transparent layer that does not focus light on the back of the eye.
The cornea is a transparent layer that does not focus light on the back of the eye.
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Weber's Law states that the stronger the stimulus, the greater change needed to detect.
Weber's Law states that the stronger the stimulus, the greater change needed to detect.
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Hue refers to the intensity of the reflected light.
Hue refers to the intensity of the reflected light.
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Our brains do not rely on what's in our sensory field but also on what was there a moment ago and what we remember from our past.
Our brains do not rely on what's in our sensory field but also on what was there a moment ago and what we remember from our past.
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The fixed lens of the eye changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye.
The fixed lens of the eye changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye.
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Cocktail Party Effect refers to the fact that we typically notice what other people are saying at a party unless it's relevant to us.
Cocktail Party Effect refers to the fact that we typically notice what other people are saying at a party unless it's relevant to us.
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The pupil is the hole where light enters the eye.
The pupil is the hole where light enters the eye.
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Melanin and lipochrome control the amount of light that enters the eye.
Melanin and lipochrome control the amount of light that enters the eye.
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Belladonna is a substance that contracts the pupil.
Belladonna is a substance that contracts the pupil.
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Study Notes
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The eye bends and adapts the focusing power of the lens based on the distance of objects, a process called accommodation.
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Myopia (nearsightedness) occurs when images are focused in front of the retina or when the eyes are too long.
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Hyperopia (far-sightedness) occurs when images are focused behind the retina or when the eyes are too short.
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The retina is a thin membrane at the back of the eye where visual information is processed.
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The retina contains rods and cones, which are cell-receptors for vision and neurons.
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Rods are responsible for basic shapes and forms of objects in dim light, while cones provide color vision and are sensitive to detail.
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The fovea is a small area of the retina responsible for acuity or sharpness of vision.
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The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.
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There are monocular and binocular depth cues that help us determine the spatial relationships between objects in three dimensions.
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Monocular depth cues include relative size, texture gradient, interposition, linear perspective, height in plane, and light and shadow.
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Binocular depth cues include binocular disparity and binocular convergence.
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Depth perception begins in infancy and is essential for crawling.
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Perception can be deceiving, leading to misperceptions such as the moon illusion, Ames Room illusion, Muller-Lyer illusion, Ponzo illusion, horizontal-vertical illusions, and Ebbinghaus-Titchner illusions.
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Motion perception occurs when the brain compares visual frames to determine motion.
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Audition is the sense of hearing, which involves sound vibrations and sound waves.
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Sound has pitch, which is determined by the frequency of sound waves, and loudness, which is determined by the amplitude of the sound waves.
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Sensation & Perception: two sides of the coin, with sensory activation greatest when we first detect a stimulus and sensory adaptation where sense receptors react strongly initially and then tamp down their response to conserve energy and attentional resources.
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Absolute threshold: the lowest level of a stimulus that can be detected when no other stimuli of the same type are present.
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Just Noticeable Difference (JND): the smallest amount of stimulus change that we can detect.
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Weber's Law: the stronger the stimulus, the greater change needed to detect.
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Signal detection theory: how we detect stimuli under uncertain conditions.
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Signal-to-Noise Ratio: it becomes harder to detect a signal as background noise increases.
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Our brains do not rely on what's in our sensory field but also on what was there a moment ago and what we remember from our past.
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Parallel Processing: we attend to multiple senses at once, with bottom-up processing constructing a whole stimulus from its parts and top-down processing analyzing the whole stimulus and then processing the smaller parts.
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Perceptual sets: our expectations influence what we perceive.
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Perceptual constancy: we perceive a stimulus consistently across varied conditions.
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Color perception: derives from context.
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Flexible attention: selective attention allows us to focus on certain sensory inputs while ignoring others.
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Seeing: the visual system, with light as electromagnetic energy, visible light being in the hundreds of nanometers, and other animals having a more restricted or greater spectrum.
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Structure of the Eye: different parts including the sclera (white portion), iris (colored part), pupil (hole where light enters), cornea (transparent cells that focus light), and fixed lens (changes curvature to focus light onto the retina).
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The sclera has psychological significance in terms of complex information, arousal and excitement, and attractiveness.
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The cornea is a transparent layer that focuses light on the back of the eye.
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The fixed lens changes curvature for accommodation and focuses light onto the back of the eye.
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Cocktail Party Effect: we don't typically notice what other people are saying at a party unless it's relevant to us.
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Change-blindness: failure to detect obvious changes in the environment.
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Light: electromagnetic energy, with visible light being in the hundreds of nanometers.
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Other animals may have a more restricted or greater spectrum.
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When light reaches an object, some of it gets reflected and some gets absorbed.
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Brightness: intensity of the reflected light, with white reflecting and black absorbing.
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Hue: the color of light.
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Primary colors: red, green, and blue (additive color mixing), and yellow, cyan, magenta, and black (subtractive color mixing).
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Two pigments: melanin (brown) and lipochrome (yellowish brown) control the amount of light that enters the eye.
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The pupil: the hole where light enters the eye.
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Pupil dilation and pupil contraction relate to the amount of light that enters the eye.
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Psychological significance: complex information, arousal and excitement, and attractiveness.
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Belladonna is a substance that dilates the pupil.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the structure of the eye and its functions in vision. This quiz covers topics such as lens adaptation, myopia, hyperopia, and the use of glasses for vision correction.
