30 Questions
Which part of the eye is responsible for giving color to the eyes?
Iris
What is the function of the optic nerve?
To transmit visual information to the brain
What are the three layers of the eye?
Outer, middle, and inner
What is presbyopia?
Gradual loss of the ability to focus on nearby objects
What is cataract?
Clouding of the lens
What is glaucoma?
Increased pressure in the eye
What is strabismus?
Misalignment of the eyes
What is diplopia?
Double vision
What is the function of the retina?
To convert light energy into neural activity
What is the pinhole principle?
Light passing through a small opening creates a sharper image
Which type of ganglion cell makes up the majority of ganglion cells in the retina?
nonM-nonP-type ganglion cell
What is the main difference between rods and cones?
Rods are more sensitive to light than cones
Which region of the retina has a higher ratio of rods to cones?
Retinal periphery
What is the function of horizontal cells in the retina?
Receive input from photoreceptors and project to other photoreceptors and bipolar cells
Which cells in the retina receive input from bipolar cells and project to ganglion cells, bipolar cells, and other amacrine cells?
Amacrine cells
What is the role of the hypothalamus in the visual pathway?
Play a role in biological rhythms, including sleep and wakefulness
What is the function of the optic chiasm in the visual pathway?
Cross over of ganglion cell axons from nasal retina
Which part of the brain receives retinal inputs from the relay center in the thalamus?
Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)
What is the function of ON bipolar cells in the dark?
Hyperpolarize to glutamate stimulation
What is the role of calcium in light adaptation?
Indirectly regulate levels of cGMP channels
Which part of the midbrain controls the size of the pupil?
Pretectum
What does the superior colliculus in the midbrain do?
Orients the eyes in response to new stimuli
Which area is also known as Brodmann's area 17 and V1?
Striate cortex
What type of neurons primarily project to layer IVCα of the striate cortex?
Magnocellular LGN neurons
Which stream is responsible for analyzing visual motion and the visual control of action?
Dorsal stream
What is the role of the primary visual cortex in the LGN?
Provides 80% of the synaptic input to the LGN
Which cells in the striate cortex project to other cortical areas?
Layer II, III, and IVB cells
What is the function of the ventral stream?
Perception of the visual world and recognition of objects
Which parallel pathway is responsible for perception of color?
Blob pathway
What does the pretectum in the midbrain control?
Size of the pupil
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and common diseases of the eye with this informative quiz. Learn about the structures of the eye, photoreceptors, visual pathway, and more. Challenge yourself to analyze gross anatomy, identify eye structures, and understand visual field and injury. Perfect for anyone interested in ophthalmology or wanting to expand their understanding of the eye.
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