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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of the Labia Majora?
What is the primary role of the Labia Majora?
- Aid in the process of ovulation
- Facilitate the passage of menstrual blood
- Provide support for the uterus
- Enclose and protect the external reproductive organs (correct)
Which statement accurately describes the cervix?
Which statement accurately describes the cervix?
- It protrudes into the upper part of the vagina and contains a cervical canal. (correct)
- It serves as the primary site for fertilization.
- It is responsible for producing hormones related to reproduction.
- It is a muscular tube connecting the vagina and the ovaries.
What is the main function of the uterus?
What is the main function of the uterus?
- Sustain a developing fetus (correct)
- Facilitate sperm transport
- Regulate menstrual cycles
- Release eggs during ovulation
What anatomical feature is described as having finger-like projections at the ends of each fallopian tube?
What anatomical feature is described as having finger-like projections at the ends of each fallopian tube?
What does the vaginal canal contain to facilitate its function?
What does the vaginal canal contain to facilitate its function?
Which structure is formed by the Labia Minora?
Which structure is formed by the Labia Minora?
During which condition can the cervical canal widen?
During which condition can the cervical canal widen?
Which is NOT a characteristic of the Labia Minora?
Which is NOT a characteristic of the Labia Minora?
What is the primary role of the endometrium in the uterus?
What is the primary role of the endometrium in the uterus?
What function does the myometrium serve in the female reproductive system?
What function does the myometrium serve in the female reproductive system?
Which structure in the female reproductive system is primarily responsible for the production of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone?
Which structure in the female reproductive system is primarily responsible for the production of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone?
The fimbriae of the fallopian tubes play a crucial role during which specific reproductive event?
The fimbriae of the fallopian tubes play a crucial role during which specific reproductive event?
Which part of the uterus is dome-shaped and located at the top, playing a role in reproductive health?
Which part of the uterus is dome-shaped and located at the top, playing a role in reproductive health?
During the menstrual cycle, the shedding of the endometrium occurs primarily due to the action of which structure?
During the menstrual cycle, the shedding of the endometrium occurs primarily due to the action of which structure?
What is the purpose of folliculogenesis in the female reproductive system?
What is the purpose of folliculogenesis in the female reproductive system?
Which structure is a serous membrane that lines the outside of the uterus?
Which structure is a serous membrane that lines the outside of the uterus?
What is the primary function of the clitoris in the female reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the clitoris in the female reproductive system?
Which structure is situated in the midline just in front of the vaginal orifice?
Which structure is situated in the midline just in front of the vaginal orifice?
What is the significance of the hymen in the female reproductive system?
What is the significance of the hymen in the female reproductive system?
What structure acts as a fold of skin covering the clitoris?
What structure acts as a fold of skin covering the clitoris?
What role do the labia play in the female reproductive system?
What role do the labia play in the female reproductive system?
During which process is the vaginal orifice typically ruptured?
During which process is the vaginal orifice typically ruptured?
What is the main function of the external genitalia in females?
What is the main function of the external genitalia in females?
Which area above the vagina is covered with pubic hair and consists of adipose tissue?
Which area above the vagina is covered with pubic hair and consists of adipose tissue?
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Study Notes
External Genitalia (Vulva)
- Mons Pubis: Adipose tissue above the vagina, covered with pubic hair.
- Labia: Highly vascular and innervated, protecting internal organs and contributing to sexual arousal.
- Labia Majora: Two folds of adipose tissue bordering the vagina, containing sebaceous glands, and becoming hairy after puberty.
- Labia Minora: Smaller internal folds, lacking hair follicles and sweat glands.
- Vestibule: Enclosed by the labia minora, containing the urethral opening and vaginal orifice.
- Clitoris: Small cylindrical erectile body, located at the juncture of the labia minora, sensitive to stimulation, covered by a fold of skin called the prepuce.
- Urethral Opening: Located just in front of the vaginal orifice, about 1-1.5 cm below the pubic arch.
- Vaginal Orifice and Hymen: Lies at the posterior end of the vestibule, enclosed by a membrane called the hymen.
- Hymen: Located inside the vaginal opening, with no known function, not always present, typically ruptured during sexual intercourse.
Internal Genitalia (Reproductive Tract)
- Vagina: Muscular, elastic, tube-like organ, 4 to 5 inches long in adults, with acidic pH (pH 4). Serves as a passageway for sperm, menstrual blood, and the birth canal.
- Cervix: Lower part of the uterus, protruding into the vagina, visible during pelvic examinations. Lined with a mucous membrane, serving as a passageway for sperm and menstrual blood through the cervical canal. Usually narrow, widening during labor for childbirth.
- Uterus: Main function is fetal development and support.
- Endometrium: Inner lining, crucial for nourishing the developing embryo; built up each month for a potential pregnancy and shed during menstruation.
- Myometrium: Muscular layer, supporting the fetus, contracting during childbirth, and shedding the endometrium during menstruation.
- Perimetrium: Serous membrane lining the external surface of the uterus.
- Fundus: Dome-shaped top of the uterus, essential for hormone balance during pregnancy and fetal protection.
- Fallopian Tubes (Uterine Tubes): Connect the uterus to the ovaries, measuring about 8 to 13 cm. Featuring fimbria at the ends.
- Fimbriae: Finger-like projections at the ends of the fallopian tubes, sweeping released eggs from the ovaries into the tubes. Damage to fimbria can impact fertility.
- Ampulla: Widest part of the fallopian tube, where fertilization commonly occurs.
- Infundibulum: Wide, outermost portion of the fallopian tube, capturing and channeling released eggs.
- Cilia: Tiny hair-like structures lining the interior of the fallopian tubes, beating rhythmically to capture and transport the egg towards the uterus.
- Ovaries: Produce and store eggs (ova) and sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) crucial for the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. During ovulation, one ovary releases an egg.
Oogenesis and Folliculogenesis
- Oogenesis: Formation of female gametes (eggs), starting prenatally.
- Folliculogenesis: Development of a single dominant egg-containing follicle from a pool of growing follicles.
Menstrual Cycle
- A natural, cyclic process of bodily changes occurring monthly.
- Measured from the first day of menstruation to the day before the next period.
- Average length of the menstrual cycle is 28 days, but varies individually.
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