Extension Principles and Philosophy

Questions and Answers

What was the primary problem identified in the community survey?

Low yield of crops

Low income from crop production (correct)

High cost of fertilizers

Insufficient teaching methods

What should the specific objectives state according to the process outlined?

Only social outcomes desired

Both behavioral changes and economic outcomes desired (correct)

Just behavioral changes in people

General community satisfaction

Which of the following was identified as a factor contributing to low crop yields?

High-quality seeds usage

Use of local seeds with low yield potential (correct)

Implementation of rigorous protection measures

Excessive application of fertilizers

What objective was set to improve the crop yield?

Increase the crop yield by 20 percent Signup and view all the answers

What step follows the identification of the problem and setting of objectives?

Teaching methods selection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was selected as a teaching method?

Farm publications Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of conducting a re-survey?

To evaluate the objectives reached Signup and view all the answers

By what percentage did the crop yield increase, according to the re-survey?

10 percent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of extension work?

To transform people by improving their knowledge, attitude, and skills Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT part of the main philosophy of extension education?

Providing direct orders for compliance Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the extension educational process?

Collection of facts and analysis of the situation Signup and view all the answers

How should extension work view the individuals involved?

As active participants in problem-solving Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of evaluation in the extension educational process?

To gather information for future planning Signup and view all the answers

What type of cooperation is encouraged in extension education?

Collaborative efforts among community members Signup and view all the answers

What method is emphasized for collecting data in the initial step of extension work?

Surveys combined with engagement of local people Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is essential for ensuring effective extension work?

Continuous adaptation of planning, teaching, and evaluation Signup and view all the answers

What is the first principle of extension services according to Mildred Horton?

The individual is supreme in democracy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of extension work?

To help people reach higher levels of living. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes that extension should teach rather than dictate?

Extension is an organization to teach and motivate. Signup and view all the answers

What should extension work be based on according to its guiding principles?

Felt needs and enlightened desires of the people. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle refers to working with people in an inclusive manner?

Democratic procedures in program formulation. Signup and view all the answers

According to the philosophy of extension, who is regarded as vital for progress?

Individuals in rural communities. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect should extension strive to preserve while working with communities?

The unique culture of the people. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a principle of extension?

Extension should focus on changing subjects. Signup and view all the answers

What was the gap in crop yield compared to the target fixed earlier?

10 per cent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT identified as a deficiency in the extension educational program?

Farmers' lack of knowledge Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental objective of extension education?

Develop the rural people economically, socially, and culturally Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'Destination man' in extension education?

The goal of developing rural people Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a general objective of extension education?

Increase farmers' profits directly Signup and view all the answers

What action was advised to help farmers acquire critical inputs?

Contact banks for production credit Signup and view all the answers

Which objective focuses on helping people mobilize and utilize their resources?

Mobilize resources effectively Signup and view all the answers

What should the re-consideration of the extension educational program be based on?

Results of evaluation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Principles of Extension Services

Individual supremacy is essential in a democratic society.
The home is considered a fundamental unit of civilization.
Families serve as the primary training group for humanity.
A sustainable civilization relies on the partnership between humanity and land.

Objectives of Extension Work

Aim to elevate people’s living standards in physical, mental, and spiritual aspects.
Education and training are vital for individuals to fulfill responsibilities toward themselves, their neighbors, and their environment.

Philosophy of Extension

Extension organizations plan, execute, and evaluate programs collaboratively with participants rather than for them.
Focus is on teaching and motivating people towards self-help rather than dictating actions.
Extension should respond to existing needs and desires of the community.
Programs should be flexible and adopt democratic processes for planning and execution.
Cultural harmony is essential in extension activities.

Educational Process in Extension

The extension educational process consists of interconnected steps rather than isolated phases.
The process includes continuous planning, teaching, and evaluation.

Steps in the Extension Educational Process

Situation Analysis: Collect and analyze facts about the community, including economic, social, cultural, and environmental factors to identify local problems.
Setting Objectives: Collaboratively establish clear, realistic, and specific objectives that aim for behavioral and social-economic changes.
Teaching: Select relevant content and appropriate teaching methods and aids to impart knowledge, including demonstrations and training.
Evaluation: Assess the attainment of set objectives through surveys and behavioral evidence, identifying successes and areas for improvement.
Re-consideration: Re-evaluate the educational program based on feedback, which informs the next phase of extension activities.

Fundamental Objective of Extension

The primary goal is the holistic development of individuals in rural areas, enhancing their economical, social, and cultural status.

General Objectives of Extension

Help communities identify and analyze their problems and needs.
Foster leadership development and group organization for problem-solving.
Disseminate actionable information based on research and practical experiences.
Communicate community challenges to researchers to facilitate relevant solutions.
Support resource mobilization and utilization to increase agricultural productivity, such as in paddy farming in India.

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Description

Explore the foundational principles and philosophy of extension services as outlined by Mildred Horton. This quiz delves into the significance of democracy, family, and the partnership between humans and nature in community development. Test your understanding of these key concepts in extension work.