Extension Education and Its Evolution

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of extension or rural advisory services?

To develop communication strategies for rural areas

To enhance farmers' technical, organizational and management skills (correct)

To establish formal educational institutions in the countryside

To provide financial support to farmers

Which historical period is credited with the significant use of woodblock printing for agricultural disseminations?

Greek Civilization

The Ancient Roman Era

Han Dynasty (correct)

Middle Ages

How did the Medieval Period contribute to agricultural evolution?

By restricting the dissemination of farming techniques

By decreasing reliance on trade

By promoting local farming practices only

By integrating commercial trading with scientific discoveries (correct)

What type of education does extension services primarily use?

Non-formal education Signup and view all the answers

During which period did the scientific revolution encourage experimentation in agriculture?

Early Modern Period Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT a focus of extension education?

Provision of financial capital Signup and view all the answers

What vital role does extension play in rural communities?

It serves as a communication linkage for knowledge flow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ancient civilizations contributed to agricultural information dissemination?

Chinese Han Dynasty Signup and view all the answers

What significant event contributed to the establishment of the Granja Modelos in the Philippines?

The potato famine caused by blight in Ireland Signup and view all the answers

Which institution is recognized as the father of University Extension?

James Stuart Signup and view all the answers

What act established the Cooperative Extension Service in the United States?

Smith Lever Act of 1914 Signup and view all the answers

During which period were provincial extension services first systematically organized in the Philippines?

American Period Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of agricultural extension introduced by developed countries?

Increasing crop productivity for export Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the first national state-funded agricultural service established in France?

1879 Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the crisis in Ireland regarding agricultural practices in other countries?

Adoption of itinerant lecturers for control of crop diseases Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the agricultural extension organizations established in response to scientific advancements?

To ensure food security and increase productivity Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Bell Survey Mission in 1952?

Consolidation of extension services Signup and view all the answers

Which event led to the fragmentation of the extension system in the Philippines?

Decentralization Act Passage Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary focus of the Masagana 99 initiative during the Martial Law Period?

Enhancing rice productivity Signup and view all the answers

What was established as a result of EO 116?

Agriculture Training Institute Signup and view all the answers

Which legislation emphasizes the role of local government units (LGUs) in delivering extension services?

RA 8435 Signup and view all the answers

What were the Regional Integrated Agricultural Research Stations (RIARS) intended to provide?

Technical support for agricultural development Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of RA 8550 on extension services in the Philippines?

Promoted multi-disciplinary approaches Signup and view all the answers

What did the merger of BAEX, PATC, and the Philippine Training Center for Rural Development establish?

Agriculture Training Institute Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Importance of Extension Education

Extension education is crucial for agricultural development, helping farmers improve their skills and livelihoods.
The Philippine economy heavily relies on agriculture, affecting a significant portion of the population.
Lack of effective farming practices and weak policy implementation hinder productivity growth.

Evolution of Extension

Ancient Origins: Evidence of extension practices dates back to Mesopotamia with clay tablets offering farming advice, and Egyptian hieroglyphics showcasing agricultural knowledge.
Medieval and Scientific Revolution: The period saw advancements in commercial trading and scientific discoveries, promoting the use of scientific knowledge for increased agricultural productivity.
Modern Era:
- The Irish potato famine highlighted the need for effective extension services, leading to the development of itinerant lecturers to control blight.
- France established the first national agricultural service funded by the state.
- University Extension, originating in Britain, emphasized providing knowledge beyond formal education.
- Land Grant Universities in the US focused on strengthening agricultural and mechanical arts education.
The Cooperative Extension Service: This tripartite collaboration between federal, state, and local entities aimed at dissemination of knowledge in agriculture and home economics.

Evolution in the Philippines

Spanish Period: Granja modelos, or model farms, were established to improve commodity production.
American Period: This period saw the first organized and systemic approach to extension services, with the establishment of provincial extension services and the signing of Commonwealth Act 649, which increased funding for extension work.
Japanese Period: Extension efforts were disrupted due to war and postwar activities.
Post World War II: The Bell Survey Mission led to the consolidation of extension services and the creation of the Bureau of Agricultural Extension (BAEX).
Decentralization Act Passage: This led to the expansion of extension services across different government agencies, creating a fragmented system.
Martial Law Period: The "Masagana 99" program focused on increasing rice productivity and mobilizing various sectors, including youth, rural women, and farmers.
People Power Revolution Period: BAEX became a staff bureau of the Department of Agriculture, with a proliferation of extension projects across various government units and departments.
EO 116: This executive order reorganized the Ministry of Agriculture and Food into the Department of Agriculture. The Agriculture Training Institute (ATI) was created to train agricultural extension workers, merging BAEX, the Philippine Agricultural Training Council (PATC), and the Philippine Training Center for Rural Development.
Passage of RA 7160 (Devolution of Powers): This granted the Provincial Agriculture Office the primary responsibility for agricultural development, encompassing farm extension, home extension, and rural development.
RA 8435 (Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act) and RA 8550 (Fisheries Code of the Philippines: These acts aimed to improve extension services by incorporating training, farm and business advisory services. Extension services delivery was mainly the responsibility of LGUs, and the act emphasized multi-disciplinary approaches involving public and private entities.

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Description

Explore the importance of extension education in agricultural development, particularly in the Philippine economy. This quiz covers the historical evolution of extension services from ancient Mesopotamia to modern practices, highlighting significant events that shaped agricultural knowledge. Test your knowledge on how these educational programs have impacted farming and productivity.