23 Questions
Which part of the female reproductive tract does fertilization normally take place in?
Uterine tube
What is the purpose of capacitation in the process of fertilization?
To remove a glycoprotein layer from the sperm membrane
Which layer must the sperm penetrate in order to reach the egg?
All of the above
What triggers the acrosome reaction in the sperm?
Binding of ZP3 receptors to ZP3 in the zona pellucida
Which type of twinning occurs when a single egg is fertilized by separate sperm?
Dizygotic twinning
What is the rate of occurrence for monozygotic twins?
3 to 4 per 1,000 births
During implantation, which cells give rise to the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast?
Trophoblast cells
Where does implantation normally take place?
Posterior wall of the uterus
Which of the following represents the key features of the acrosome reaction during fertilization?
Capacitation and acrosome reaction
Which cells represent the inner cell mass and its immediate derivatives?
Compaction and blastocyst
What do trophoblast cells differentiate into and what do they produce if a blastocyst successfully implants?
Cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast; they produce the placenta
Which of the following is true about the acrosome reaction?
It is triggered by the interaction of sperm fertilin α/β with egg integrins and CD9
What is the role of acrosin in fertilization?
It breaks down the zona pellucida
What is the purpose of the zona reaction?
To prevent other sperm from fertilizing the same oocyte
What is the term used to describe the mass of cells at the 56-cell stage?
Morula
Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of creating a knockout mouse?
The DNA fragments replace the normal gene in the genome, resulting in a knockout mouse.
What is the purpose of using gene-targeted mice in the creation of a knockout mouse?
To swap out the normal gene in the genome
What is the significance of breeding chimeric mice with normal mice in the creation of a knockout mouse?
To isolate mice that have both alleles of the gene mutated
How does CRISPR-Cas9 technology impact the study of protein roles in mice?
It is replacing the traditional methods of creating knockout mice
Which of the following is NOT a way in which large doses of progestin compounds can prevent pregnancies?
Prevent fertilization
What is the main difference between transgenic mice and gene-targeted mice?
Transgenic mice have randomly integrated DNA fragments, while gene-targeted mice have DNA fragments that replace part of the endogenous gene.
What is the purpose of generating transgenic mice?
To study the function of the protein encoded by the DNA fragment
What is the term used to describe the process by which gene-targeted mice are created?
Homologous recombination
Test your knowledge on twinning and embryology in this quiz! Learn about the different types of twinning, including dizygotic and monozygotic, and understand the process of fertilization and splitting. Explore figures and twin frequencies to enhance your understanding of this fascinating topic.
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