Exploring Tissue Types and Cell Structures
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Questions and Answers

Which organelle is responsible for the degradation of cellular waste?

  • Vacuoles
  • Lysosomes (correct)
  • Central zone
  • Nucleolus

    • What is the function of the nucleolus?

  • Cell division
  • Degradation of cellular waste
  • Transcription and modification of RNA (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

    • Which organelle is responsible for maintaining the pressure that keeps plants upright?

  • Central zone
  • Nucleolus
  • Vacuoles (correct)
  • Lysosomes

    • What is the role of the central zone in cell division?

    <p>Organizer of microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for the accumulation of damaged DNA in parametrium?

    <p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the temporary fusion with another paramecium in parametrium?

    <p>To reproduce sexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage do paramecia gain from undergoing endosymeosis?

    <p>Nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and assembly?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Steroid production and lipid production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

    <p>Calcium release for muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tissues consist of cells that have a wall to maintain integrity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis and assembly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a role in calcium release for muscle cell contraction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Lysosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and assembly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Vacuoles play a larger role in animal cells compared to plant cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The central zone is responsible for organizing the microtubules in the cell.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Microtubules have a short half-life and constantly degrade and rebuild in the cell.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Parametrium normally reproduce sexually through a temporary fusion with another paramecium with a compatible mating type.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The accumulation of damaged DNA is the reason for cellular aging in parametrium.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Paramecia can internalize green algae or bacteria and use them as weapons against other paramecia.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mitochondria are responsible for the production of ______

    <p>energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ______ on the cellular side

    <p>ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is important in steroid production and ______

    <p>lipid production and metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parametrium normally reproduce asexually by ______, so the cell just splits

    <p>fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The accumulation of damaged DNA is the reason for cellular ______ in parametrium

    <p>aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paramecia can undergo forms of ______, that is they internalize some kinds of green algae or bacteria

    <p>endosymeosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microtubules are hollow tubules with a diameter of ___ nanometers

    <p>25</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytoskeleton consists of microtubules, actin fibers, and ___ filaments

    <p>thick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The central zone plays a role in cell division and organizes the ___

    <p>microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytoskeleton allows directed transport through the cell by acting as a ___ system

    <p>street</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell in the volvox cannot divide?

    <p>Somatic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytoplasmic bridges in the volvox?

    <p>To connect somatic and reproductive cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the volvox being the first example of real death in multicellular organisms?

    <p>It demonstrates the development of cell specialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stem cell can generate all parts of the embryo?

    <p>Totipotent stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of pluripotent stem cells in a blastocyst?

    <p>They become muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did researchers Briggs and King discover in their experiment with frog embryos?

    <p>They could generate very early embryos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Weismann's dogma state about the differentiation of cells?

    <p>Cells cannot differentiate into any cell type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four basic tissue types in animals?

    <p>Muscle, nervous, connective, epithelial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

    <p>Conducting electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of epithelial tissue?

    <p>Formation of covers and linings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of expressing the four transcription factors oct4, sox2, nanoc, and pcg?

    <p>It promotes the formation of pluripotent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volvox has two cell types: somatic non-dividing cells and reproductive cells that can generate male and female ______ cells.

    <p>germ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The somatic cells in volvox produce the ______ and the cytoplasmic bridges.

    <p>gel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reproductive cells in volvox generate the male and female ______ cells.

    <p>germ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fat cells store ______ and energy.

    <p>fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ tissue conducts electrical signals.

    <p>nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ tissue is responsible for support and structure.

    <p>connective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ tissue forms covers, surfaces, linings, and glands.

    <p>epithelial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pluripotent stem cells can still form all ______ types in the body

    <p>cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stem cells are able to reproduce all cells of the ______

    <p>organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pluripotent stem cells can no longer produce the ______

    <p>placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Once a pluripotent stem cell has adopted the fate of a ______ cell, there is no way of return

    <p>muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Volvox is the first example of multicellular organisms where real death occurs because volvox can die.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Somatic cells in volvox cannot divide.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Reproductive cells in volvox generate male and female germ cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The Nobel Prize was awarded to the researchers in 2006 for the experiment with Xenopus libis frog.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned using a fully differentiated cell.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The four transcription factors required to make a differentiated cell pluripotent are oct4, sox2, nanoc, and pcg.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Differentiated cells can regain pluripotency without any external signals or energy.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Cells form junctions with each other, creating polarity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into all cell types in the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Once a pluripotent stem cell has adopted a specific fate, it cannot return to its pluripotent state.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The nucleus of a frog embryo can be placed into an enucleated egg cell, resulting in early embryonic development.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?

    <p>Mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous tissue and the skin?

    <p>Ectoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer is responsible for the linings of internal organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The mesoderm is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The ectoderm is the origin of nervous tissue and skin?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The endoderm is the origin of linings of internal organs?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous tissue and the skin?

    <p>Ectoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?

    <p>Mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which germ layer is responsible for the linings of internal organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

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