72 Questions
Which organelle is responsible for the degradation of cellular waste?
Lysosomes
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Transcription and modification of RNA
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining the pressure that keeps plants upright?
Vacuoles
What is the role of the central zone in cell division?
Organizer of microtubules
Which process is responsible for the accumulation of damaged DNA in parametrium?
Asexual reproduction
What is the purpose of the temporary fusion with another paramecium in parametrium?
To reproduce sexually
What advantage do paramecia gain from undergoing endosymeosis?
Nutrients
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and assembly?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Steroid production and lipid production
What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
Calcium release for muscle contraction
Tissues consist of cells that have a wall to maintain integrity.
True
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis and assembly.
False
The sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a role in calcium release for muscle cell contraction.
True
True or false: Lysosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and assembly.
False
True or false: Vacuoles play a larger role in animal cells compared to plant cells.
False
True or false: The central zone is responsible for organizing the microtubules in the cell.
True
True or false: Microtubules have a short half-life and constantly degrade and rebuild in the cell.
True
True or false: Parametrium normally reproduce sexually through a temporary fusion with another paramecium with a compatible mating type.
False
True or false: The accumulation of damaged DNA is the reason for cellular aging in parametrium.
True
True or false: Paramecia can internalize green algae or bacteria and use them as weapons against other paramecia.
True
Mitochondria are responsible for the production of ______
energy
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ______ on the cellular side
ribosomes
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is important in steroid production and ______
lipid production and metabolism
Parametrium normally reproduce asexually by ______, so the cell just splits
fission
The accumulation of damaged DNA is the reason for cellular ______ in parametrium
aging
Paramecia can undergo forms of ______, that is they internalize some kinds of green algae or bacteria
endosymeosis
Microtubules are hollow tubules with a diameter of ___ nanometers
25
The cytoskeleton consists of microtubules, actin fibers, and ___ filaments
thick
The central zone plays a role in cell division and organizes the ___
microtubules
The cytoskeleton allows directed transport through the cell by acting as a ___ system
street
Which type of cell in the volvox cannot divide?
Somatic cells
What is the function of the cytoplasmic bridges in the volvox?
To connect somatic and reproductive cells
What is the significance of the volvox being the first example of real death in multicellular organisms?
It demonstrates the development of cell specialization
Which type of stem cell can generate all parts of the embryo?
Totipotent stem cells
What is the fate of pluripotent stem cells in a blastocyst?
They become muscle cells
What did researchers Briggs and King discover in their experiment with frog embryos?
They could generate very early embryos
What did Weismann's dogma state about the differentiation of cells?
Cells cannot differentiate into any cell type
What are the four basic tissue types in animals?
Muscle, nervous, connective, epithelial
Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?
Conducting electrical signals
What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
Formation of covers and linings
What is the significance of expressing the four transcription factors oct4, sox2, nanoc, and pcg?
It promotes the formation of pluripotent cells
Volvox has two cell types: somatic non-dividing cells and reproductive cells that can generate male and female ______ cells.
germ
The somatic cells in volvox produce the ______ and the cytoplasmic bridges.
gel
The reproductive cells in volvox generate the male and female ______ cells.
germ
Fat cells store ______ and energy.
fat
______ tissue conducts electrical signals.
nervous
______ tissue is responsible for support and structure.
connective
______ tissue forms covers, surfaces, linings, and glands.
epithelial
Pluripotent stem cells can still form all ______ types in the body
cell
Stem cells are able to reproduce all cells of the ______
organism
Pluripotent stem cells can no longer produce the ______
placenta
Once a pluripotent stem cell has adopted the fate of a ______ cell, there is no way of return
muscle
True or false: Volvox is the first example of multicellular organisms where real death occurs because volvox can die.
True
True or false: Somatic cells in volvox cannot divide.
True
True or false: Reproductive cells in volvox generate male and female germ cells.
True
True or false: The Nobel Prize was awarded to the researchers in 2006 for the experiment with Xenopus libis frog.
False
True or false: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned using a fully differentiated cell.
True
True or false: The four transcription factors required to make a differentiated cell pluripotent are oct4, sox2, nanoc, and pcg.
True
True or false: Differentiated cells can regain pluripotency without any external signals or energy.
False
True or false: Cells form junctions with each other, creating polarity.
True
True or false: Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into all cell types in the body.
True
True or false: Once a pluripotent stem cell has adopted a specific fate, it cannot return to its pluripotent state.
True
True or false: The nucleus of a frog embryo can be placed into an enucleated egg cell, resulting in early embryonic development.
True
Which germ layer is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?
Mesoderm
Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous tissue and the skin?
Ectoderm
Which germ layer is responsible for the linings of internal organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract?
Endoderm
True or false: The mesoderm is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?
True
True or false: The ectoderm is the origin of nervous tissue and skin?
True
True or false: The endoderm is the origin of linings of internal organs?
True
Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous tissue and the skin?
Ectoderm
Which germ layer is responsible for the origin of muscle and connective tissue?
Mesoderm
Which germ layer is responsible for the linings of internal organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract?
Endoderm
Test your knowledge on tissue types and cell structures with this quiz! Learn about the transition from unicellular organisms to multicellular tissues and explore the consequences of this change. Challenge yourself with questions on basic tissue types and the key components of cells.
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