Exploring the Essentials
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, which moral theory focuses on the results or consequence of our actions and treats intentions as irrelevant?

  • Epicureanism
  • Utilitarianism (correct)
  • Consequentialism
  • Hedonism

According to the text, who are the main proponents of Utilitarianism?

  • Epicurus
  • Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill (correct)
  • The principle of utility
  • 18th century Greeks

According to the text, what is the principle of utility in Utilitarianism?

  • Choosing the greatest good for the greatest number of people (correct)
  • Treating intentions as irrelevant
  • Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain
  • Being self-centered

Which moral theory emphasizes the pre-eminence of the individual's character rather than following a set of rules?

<p>Virtue Ethics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Immanuel Kant, moral obligations are derived from what?

<p>Reason (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of the Categorical Imperative states that one should act only according to that maxim which can be willed to become a universal law without contradiction?

<p>Universalizability Principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates human acts from acts of man, according to St. Thomas Aquinas?

<p>Responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, ignorance is divided into two categories:

<p>Invincible and vincible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What circumstance refers to the special quality of the direct object of an act?

<p>Circumstance of thing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an impediment to human freedom according to the text?

<p>Ignorance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between 'acts of man' and 'human act' according to the text?

<p>Acts of man are uncontrollable, while human acts are controllable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the essential elements of a human act?

<p>Violence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of freedom according to St. Augustine?

<p>The availability of alternatives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of voluntariness?

<p>External coercion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between directly voluntary and indirectly voluntary acts?

<p>Directly voluntary acts are intended as an end in themselves, while indirectly voluntary acts are not intended but merely permitted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, what are the three sources of morality?

<p>a) Object of the act itself, b) Intention or the end of the act, c) Circumstances of the act (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of a moral evaluation resides in the acting subject and determines the action by its end?

<p>b) Intention or the end of the act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the material element of a human act or the 'substance of the moral act'?

<p>a) Object of the act itself (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the secondary elements of a moral act that contribute to increasing or diminishing its moral goodness or evilness?

<p>c) Circumstances of the act (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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