Exploring the Essentials
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, which moral theory focuses on the results or consequence of our actions and treats intentions as irrelevant?

  • Epicureanism
  • Utilitarianism (correct)
  • Consequentialism
  • Hedonism

    • According to the text, who are the main proponents of Utilitarianism?

  • Epicurus
  • Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill (correct)
  • The principle of utility
  • 18th century Greeks

    • According to the text, what is the principle of utility in Utilitarianism?

  • Choosing the greatest good for the greatest number of people (correct)
  • Treating intentions as irrelevant
  • Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain
  • Being self-centered

    • Which moral theory emphasizes the pre-eminence of the individual's character rather than following a set of rules?

    <p>Virtue Ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Immanuel Kant, moral obligations are derived from what?

    <p>Reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle of the Categorical Imperative states that one should act only according to that maxim which can be willed to become a universal law without contradiction?

    <p>Universalizability Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates human acts from acts of man, according to St. Thomas Aquinas?

    <p>Responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, ignorance is divided into two categories:

    <p>Invincible and vincible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What circumstance refers to the special quality of the direct object of an act?

    <p>Circumstance of thing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an impediment to human freedom according to the text?

    <p>Ignorance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between 'acts of man' and 'human act' according to the text?

    <p>Acts of man are uncontrollable, while human acts are controllable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the essential elements of a human act?

    <p>Violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of freedom according to St. Augustine?

    <p>The availability of alternatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of voluntariness?

    <p>External coercion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between directly voluntary and indirectly voluntary acts?

    <p>Directly voluntary acts are intended as an end in themselves, while indirectly voluntary acts are not intended but merely permitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, what are the three sources of morality?

    <p>a) Object of the act itself, b) Intention or the end of the act, c) Circumstances of the act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of a moral evaluation resides in the acting subject and determines the action by its end?

    <p>b) Intention or the end of the act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material element of a human act or the 'substance of the moral act'?

    <p>a) Object of the act itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the secondary elements of a moral act that contribute to increasing or diminishing its moral goodness or evilness?

    <p>c) Circumstances of the act</p> Signup and view all the answers

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