ecology

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Questions and Answers

What determines the distribution of species and biomes on Earth?

  • The presence or absence of other species
  • The color of the soil
  • The amount of oxygen in the environment
  • The availability of water and nutrients (correct)

Explain the difference between reductionism and holism.

Reductionism seeks answers at lower levels of analysis, while holism seeks answers at the same or higher levels of analysis.

True or false: Reductionism seeks answers at higher levels of analysis while holism seeks answers at lower levels of hierarchy.

False (B)

What are the two approaches to seeking answers in ecology?

<p>Holism and biomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the distribution of species and biomes on Earth?

<p>The availability of water, temperature, sunlight, oxygen/lack of oxygen, nutrients, and presence or absence of other species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between reductionism and holism in ecology and give an example of each.

<p>Reductionism seeks to understand complex systems by breaking them down into smaller, simpler parts. An example of reductionism in ecology would be studying the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis. Holism, on the other hand, seeks to understand complex systems as a whole, taking into account all levels of organization. An example of holism in ecology would be studying the interactions between all the living and non-living components of an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the factors that affect distribution of species and biomes?

<p>The availability of water, temperature, and sunlight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The distribution of species on Earth is determined solely by the availability of water, temperature, sunlight, and nutrients.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between reductionism and holism?

<p>Reductionism seeks answers at lower levels of hierarchy while holism seeks answers at the same or higher levels of analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do abiotic and biotic factors influence the abundance and distribution of organisms?

<p>Abiotic and biotic factors affect the availability of water, temperature, sunlight, oxygen, nutrients, and presence or absence of other species, which in turn affects the distribution of species and biomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the factors that determine the distribution of species and biomes on Earth.

<p>The distribution of species and biomes on Earth is determined by the availability of water, temperature, sunlight, oxygen/lack of oxygen, nutrients, and the presence or absence of other species. Together, these factors create different habitats that support different types of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between reductionism and holism?

<p>Reductionism seeks answers at lower levels of hierarchy while holism seeks answers at the same or higher levels of analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the tilt of the Earth affect the amount of sunlight different regions receive?

<p>The tilt of the Earth is 23.5 degrees, which causes different regions to receive different amounts of sunlight throughout the year. Regions that are tilted towards the sun receive more direct sunlight and experience warmer temperatures, while regions tilted away from the sun receive less direct sunlight and experience colder temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tilt of the Earth and how does it affect sunlight received by different regions?

<p>23.5 degrees; it affects the amount of sunlight different regions receive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the abundance and distribution of organisms?

<p>Both abiotic and biotic components (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The tilt of the Earth has no influence on the amount of sunlight different regions receive.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors that shape local climate?

<p>Sunlight, temperature, and precipitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some factors that shape local climate?

<p>Local climate is shaped by factors such as sunlight, temperature, precipitation, and wind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how precipitation patterns are affected by descending dry air and ascending moist air.

<p>Precipitation patterns are affected by descending dry air and ascending moist air because as air rises, it cools and moisture condenses into clouds. When the air eventually reaches a high enough altitude, it begins to descend, warming up and becoming drier as it falls. This descending dry air can prevent clouds from forming and cause arid conditions in some regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines seasonal changes?

<p>The physics of air and moisture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are seasonal changes determined?

<p>Seasonal changes are determined by the tilt of the Earth, Earth's rotation, and the physics of air and moisture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine biomes, population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology, and conservation?

<p>Climate and other factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Warm air holds more moisture than cold air because it is denser.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the climate of a region?

<p>The tilt of the Earth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Precipitation patterns are affected by descending moist air and ascending dry air.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are precipitation patterns influenced?

<p>Precipitation patterns are influenced by ascending and descending air masses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does water have a moderating influence on climate?

<p>Water has a moderating influence on climate because it has a higher specific heat than land, which means it can absorb and store more heat energy. This causes coastal regions to have milder temperatures than inland regions. Water also heats up and cools down more slowly than land, which helps to regulate the temperature of the surrounding air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of water on climate?

<p>It moderates the climate due to its higher specific heat and slower heating and cooling compared to land (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the moderating influence of water on climate?

<p>Water has a higher specific heat and slower heating and cooling compared to land (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are precipitation patterns influenced?

<p>By ascending and descending air masses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines precipitation patterns?

<p>Descending dry air and ascending moist air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Water has a slower heating and cooling rate compared to land due to its lower specific heat.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of large patterns in ocean circulation on climate?

<p>Large patterns in ocean circulation also impact climate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the factors that influence the abundance and distribution of organisms?

<p>The abundance and distribution of organisms are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors. Abiotic factors include things like temperature, water availability, and nutrient availability, while biotic factors include competition for resources, predation, and disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impacts climate besides local factors?

<p>The moderating influence of water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for precipitation patterns?

<p>Descending dry air and ascending moist air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key factors that influence the distribution of organisms?

<p>Availability of water, temperature, sunlight, oxygen/lack of oxygen, nutrients, and presence or absence of other species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can even small features of an environment influence the climate that organisms experience?

<p>Even small features of an environment can influence the climate that organisms experience by affecting factors such as temperature, sunlight, and precipitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for Earth's rotation affecting climate?

<p>It causes the winds to blow in a certain direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: Even small features of an environment have no significant influence on the climate experienced by organisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of how even small features of an environment can influence the climate experienced by organisms.

<p>Even small features of an environment can influence the climate experienced by organisms. For example, a small hill or rock outcropping can create a microclimate that is cooler or warmer than the surrounding area, depending on factors like the angle of the sun and the direction of prevailing winds. This can create small pockets of habitat that support different types of organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can even small features of an environment affect climate?

<p>By influencing the climate that organisms experience (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  1. Abiotic and biotic factors influence the abundance and distribution of organisms.
  2. Reductionism seeks answers at lower levels, while holism seeks answers at the same or higher levels of analysis.
  3. Climate and other factors impact biomes, population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology, and conservation.
  4. The availability of water, temperature, sunlight, oxygen, nutrients, and presence or absence of other species affect distribution of species and biomes.
  5. Local climate is shaped by factors such as sunlight, temperature, precipitation, and wind.
  6. Seasonal changes are determined by the tilt of the Earth, Earth's rotation, and the physics of air and moisture.
  7. Precipitation patterns are influenced by ascending and descending air masses.
  8. Large patterns in ocean circulation also impact climate.
  9. The moderating influence of water can affect climate.
  10. Even small features of an environment can influence the climate that organisms experience.

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