Exploring Research Approaches in Political Science

Political Science: An Exploration of Research and Approaches

Political science is a fascinating discipline that explores various aspects of power relations and governance systems. It is interdisciplinary, drawing on sociology, psychology, history, philosophy, and economics among other fields. In this article, we will discuss the research approaches commonly employed in political science, focusing on traditionalism, behavioralism, and postbehavioralism. Additionally, we will touch on the role of undergraduate research assistants (URAs) in supporting political science research projects.

Research Approaches in Political Science

Traditionalism in political science refers to an approach that emphasizes the study of governmental institutions and their functions. It typically focuses on constitutional law, international organizations, and comparative public policy. As a counterpoint to traditionalism, behavioralism emerged as a school of thought interested in the scientific study of political behavior. Its practitioners sought to establish political science as a disciplined social science by applying techniques derived from psychology, sociology, anthropology, and statistics.

Lastly, postbehavioralism, or rational choice theory, represents a shift towards understanding political action as a result of individuals pursuing their own self-interest. This approach contrasts with behavioralism in that it assumes individuals are rational decision-makers whose choices are guided by a cost-benefit analysis, rather than by psychological and sociological factors.

The Role of Undergraduate Research Assistants (URAs)

Undergraduate research assistants play crucial roles in many political science research projects. They contribute as co-authors, data collectors, and survey respondents, and they also assist with classification and coding duties, especially in the context of advanced computational technologies. URAs bring value to projects by providing fresh perspectives, learning from experienced researchers, and developing essential skills such as time management, bureaucratic accounting, and self-doubt management.

Conclusion

Political science is a diverse discipline, with various research approaches and methodologies that aim to understand the complexities of power, governance, and human behavior. Undergraduate research assistants are integral to these projects, contributing to a collaborative environment that fosters learning and skill development. By examining the nuances of political science and its research practices, we gain a deeper appreciation for the discipline's significance in understanding the dynamics of power and governance.