10 Questions
Which source of valid knowledge is related to knowledge that arises from contact of sense and sense object?
Perception
What is the knowledge deduced from prior perception known as?
Inference
Which class of perception involves the 5 senses and sense objects?
Ordinary (Laukika)
What is the knowledge of a thing that comes from similarity with another well-known thing known as?
Analogy
What is the defect related to our eyes and ears according to the text?
Our eyes are blind outside the range of 400 to 700 millimicron and our ears are deaf outside the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz
What is the logical step used to establish the proposition in the ways of gaining knowledge?
Reason
Which component involves the investigation of the proposition?
Inquiry
What is the accepted instance of a similar thing in the logical steps of establishing right knowledge?
Example
Which component involves drawing the comparison in the process of gaining knowledge?
Application
What is the component that shows the convergence of the four means of right knowledge toward the same object?
Conclusion
Study Notes
Sources of Knowledge
- Pratyaksha, a source of valid knowledge, arises from the contact of sense and sense object.
Types of Knowledge
- Anumana, a type of knowledge, is deduced from prior perception.
Classes of Perception
- Indriyajnana, a class of perception, involves the 5 senses and sense objects.
Types of Inference
- Upamana, a type of inference, is the knowledge of a thing that comes from similarity with another well-known thing.
Defects in Perception
- Deha-indriya-buddhi-daurbalyam, a defect, relates to our eyes, ears, and other senses, as well as our intellect.
Logical Steps in Gaining Knowledge
- Avayava, a logical step, is used to establish the proposition in the ways of gaining knowledge.
Components of Logical Reasoning
- Paksha, a component, involves the investigation of the proposition.
- Drishtanta, a component, is the accepted instance of a similar thing in the logical steps of establishing right knowledge.
- Upamana, a component, involves drawing the comparison in the process of gaining knowledge.
Convergence of Knowledge
- Samanvaya, the component, shows the convergence of the four means of right knowledge toward the same object.
Test your knowledge of Nyaya, the Indian philosophy of logic and reasoning, in this quiz. Explore the sources of valid knowledge, such as perception and inference, and delve into the concepts of Pramana, Pratyaksha, Upamana, Anumana, and Sabda. Gain a deeper understanding of the different classes of perception and their significance in Nyaya philosophy.
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