Exploring Gene Mutations

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Questions and Answers

Which type of mutation occurs when only one base in DNA is altered?

  • Insertions and Deletions
  • Silent mutations
  • Missense mutations
  • Point mutations (correct)

What are the two causes of mutations mentioned in the text?

  • Silent mutations and Missense mutations
  • Exogenous factors and Endogenous factors (correct)
  • Nonsense mutations and Silent mutations
  • Point mutations and Insertions and Deletions

Which type of mutation does not affect the amino acid sequence of the protein?

  • Nonsense mutations
  • Missense mutations
  • Silent mutations (correct)
  • Point mutations

What is the term for a mutation where one amino acid in the protein is replaced by a different amino acid?

<p>Missense mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation produces a change in a single base of an mRNA codon?

<p>Point mutations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an exogenous factor that can cause mutations?

<p>Errors during DNA replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation occurs when one base in DNA is altered?

<p>Point mutations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a missense mutation?

<p>AAA to AAG (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for mutations caused by environmental factors?

<p>Exogenous mutations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation does not affect the amino acid sequence of the protein?

<p>Silent mutations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Point Mutation

A mutation where a single base in DNA is altered. This can involve substitutions, insertions, or deletions.

Exogenous Mutations

Changes in DNA sequence caused by factors outside the organism, like radiation or chemicals.

Endogenous Mutations

Changes in DNA sequence caused by internal factors within the organism, like errors during DNA replication.

Silent Mutation

A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein. The new codon still codes for the same amino acid.

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Missense Mutation

A point mutation that results in a different amino acid being coded for. This can affect the protein's function.

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Nonsense Mutation

A mutation leading to a premature stop codon in the mRNA sequence, resulting in a truncated protein.

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Frameshift Mutation

A type of mutation that involves the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides, which can shift the reading frame of the gene.

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Mutation

Any change in organism's DNA sequence.

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Transition Mutation

A base substitution where one purine base (A or G) is replaced by another purine base, or one pyrimidine base (C or T) is replaced by another pyrimidine base.

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Transversion Mutation

A base substitution where a purine base is replaced by a pyrimidine base, or vice versa.

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