Exploring Electromagnetism in Physics

Exploring the Fascinating World of Electromagnetism in Physics

Electromagnetism is a fundamental force that governs the behavior of electric charges and currents, shaping the modern world through technology and scientific understanding. In this article, we'll delve into the basics of electromagnetism and its practical applications, focusing on the subfields of experimental and applied physics.

Understanding Electromagnetism

Electromagnetism is the interaction between electric charges and the magnetic field they produce. Maxwell's equations, developed by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell in the 19th century, unify electric and magnetic forces into a single mathematical framework. These equations led to the discovery of electromagnetic waves, opening the door to radio waves, microwaves, and light itself.

Experimental Physics

Experimental physicists test theoretical predictions and investigate observable interactions and physical behavior. They construct and operate instrumentation used for measurement or observation, such as particle accelerators, lasers, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines.

For example, experimental physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) observe the collisions between high-energy particles, aiming to discover new fundamental particles and interactions. Another example is the development of the MRI scanner, which applies magnetic fields and radio waves to visualize the human body's internal structures.

Applied Physics

Applied physicists are hands-on problem solvers who apply physics principles to practical situations. For example, medical physicists use physics concepts to treat cancer patients with radiation, while electrical engineers design and develop new technologies.

Applied physics research differs from "pure physics" research because it is being applied in real-time for practical use. Both experimental and applied physicists commonly require scientists to calibrate, operate, and troubleshoot equipment, assess data quickly, and solve problems creatively.

Research and Career Opportunities

Physics research can usually be classified as theoretical, experimental, or computational. Each type of research has its own challenges and rewards.

• Theorists use mathematics and models to explain current phenomena, predict new ones, and describe the laws of the universe.
• Experimentalists test theoretical predictions and investigate observable interactions and physical behavior.
• Computational physicists apply numerical analysis and other computational techniques to physics problems, such as large-scale weather simulations, investigations of the properties of semiconductors, or models of protein folding.

Applied physicists often work in interdisciplinary teams, collaborating with electrical engineers, computer scientists, and other specialists to develop innovative technologies and solve real-world problems.

Pursuing a Research Career

For undergraduate physics students, research opportunities are typically available on campus or at nearby research institutions. Graduate research assistantships offer opportunities to gain hands-on experience and often include financial compensation. For example, the Department of Physics at Brigham Young University offers mentored research funding for students who have not yet acquired the skills to perform projects on their own.

In conclusion, electromagnetism, both experimental and applied, is a fascinating and practical subfield of physics that continues to shape our world. Whether you envision working for a college or university, national lab, private company, hospital, or other type of organization, there are a variety of career opportunities available to physics researchers.