Exploring Cartography and Nomadic Lifestyles

Cartography and Historical Objects

• Cartography is the science and art of mapmaking.
• Artifacts are historical objects made by humans, like tools and pottery.

Nomadic Lifestyle

• Nomadic lifestyles involve frequent movement instead of settling permanently.

Tools and Weapons

• Atlatls were tools used for propelling spears and darts more effectively.

Agriculture and Economic Exchange

• Barter is the exchange of goods and services without money.
• Wattle and daub is a building method using woven sticks (wattle) and mud or clay (daub).
• Colonies are settlements controlled by a mother country, often for economic benefit.
• The mother country is the controlling nation of a colony.

Political Movements in the Colonies

• The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina governed the Carolina colony. This included regulations on land, social classes, and governance.
• The Slave Code of 1740 was a set of laws restricting enslaved people's behavior.
• The Regulator Movement was a backcountry effort to establish order.
• The headright system granted land to settlers for bringing people to the colony.
• Indentured servants worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage and provisions.
• The township plan in South Carolina organized land grants for settlement.

Economic Policies

• Mercantilism was an economic system where colonies benefited the mother country by supplying resources and purchasing finished goods.
• The Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflicts with Native Americans.

Documents and Statements

• The Articles of Confederation was the first U.S. constitution, creating a weak central government.
• The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing individual freedoms.
• A thesis statement summarizes the main argument or point of a document.

Branches of Government

• The U.S. Constitution outlines the structure of the U.S. government (including separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism).
• Pillars of the Constitution include separation of powers, federalism, and checks and balances.
• Popular Sovereignty states that government power comes from the people to ensure accountability.
• Limited Government establishes restrictions on government power to preserve freedoms.
• Separation of Powers divides government into legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
• Checks and Balances allow each branch to limit the other's power to prevent abuse.
• Federalism divides power between national and state governments.

Key Issues and Compromises

• Louisiana Purchase (1803) increased U.S. territory.
• The Great Compromise created a bicameral legislature (House and Senate).
• The Virginia Plan proposed representation based on population (favoring larger states).
• The New Jersey Plan proposed equal representation for all states.
• Impressment was the British practice of forcing American sailors into their navy.
• Nationalism is strong loyalty to a country.
• Sectionalism is loyalty to a region over the nation.
• The 3/5ths Compromise counted enslaved people as 3/5 of a person for representation and taxation purposes, resolving conflict between Northern and Southern states.

Major Events

• Four periods of Development marked significant historical and economic growth in a region.
• Jamestown (1607) became the first permanent English settlement.
• The Stono Rebellion (1739) led to stricter slave laws in South Carolina.
• Siege of Charlestown (1780) was a major Revolutionary War battle.
• American Revolution (1775–1783).
• First Continental Congress (1774).
• Second Continental Congress (1775).
• Constitutional Convention (1787) established the U.S. Constitution.
• XYZ Affair (1797–1798) almost led to war between U.S. and France.
• Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) restricted freedoms of speech and press.
• Star-Spangled Banner (written during War of 1812).
• Missouri Compromise (1820) balanced free and slave states.
• Trail of Tears (1830s) forced Native American relocation.
• War of 1812 (1812–1815) was fought between the U.S. and Great Britain.

Jacksonian Democracy and Political Crises

• Jacksonian Democracy promoted voting rights for white men.
• Nullification Crisis (1830s) saw South Carolina challenge federal authority.

People and Their Significance

• Key figures in South Carolina history were involved in colonization, the Revolution, and significant events.
• Explorers like Francisco Gordillo and Christopher Columbus contributed to early explorations.
• Eliza Lucas Pinckney was a key figure in agriculture; Gullah culture descends from enslaved Africans in the Carolina coast.

Locations and Their Significance

• South Carolina's geographic regions include various areas.
• St. Augustine, Florida, is the oldest European-established city in the U.S.
• Jamestown, Virginia, was the first permanent English settlement.
• Key locations relevant to the history of the American Revolution, such as Charleston, South Carolina and Yorktown, Virginia.

South Carolina

• South Carolina's economy was significantly impacted by agriculture during the colonial era.
• Major South Carolina battles fought during the American Revolution are outlined.

People in South Carolina

• Notable figures such as Francis Marion, William Moultrie, and Charles Sumter were significant during the American Revolution.

Acts and Documents

• Britain taxed the colonists to cover debts from the French and Indian War.
• Intolerable Acts, Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Townshend Acts, Tea Act, were all prominent acts leading up to the Revolution.
• Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonial westward expansion.
• The Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776, Philadelphia, PA): South Carolina delegates wanted to preserve slavery.

Terms and Concepts

• Loyalists and Patriots were opposing sides in the American Revolution.
• Salutary Neglect refers to Britain's lax enforcement of colonial laws.
• Boycotts were a protest tactic employed by colonists.
• Sons/Daughters of Liberty were organizations that resisted British rule.
• Propaganda was used to shape public opinion.
• Women played a significant role in the Revolution.

Important Congresses

• First and Second Continental Congresses were crucial for organizing colonial responses to British policies.