Exploring Biological Macromolecules
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about polar molecules?

  • They contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus atoms (correct)
  • They have covalent bonds
  • They contain carbon and hydrogen atoms
  • They have nonpolar bonds

    • Which of the following is true about noncovalent bonds?

  • They store energy for useful work
  • They are broken using enzymes (correct)
  • They are stronger than thermal energies of random collisions
  • They involve the sharing of electrons

    • Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

  • Ionic bond
  • Covalent bond (correct)
  • Hydrogen bond
  • van der Waals attraction

    • Which of the following is NOT a basic property of cells?

    <p>They are all the same size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is relatively weak and forms attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of noncovalent interaction is especially important in the behavior of water?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond holds molecules together through electrostatic attraction?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure involves the linking of polypeptide chains to form multisubunit functional proteins?

    <p>Quaternary Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interaction helps stabilize protein structure through covalent linkage between cysteine residues?

    <p>Disulfide bridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins are composed of two or more distinct modules that fold independently of one another?

    <p>Protein domains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for proteins that can adopt two or more conformations, regulated by something binding to its non-active site?

    <p>Allosteric proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>The unique arrangement of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of nucleotides?

    <p>They are the monomers of nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha-helices?

    <p>They can cross lipid bilayers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four levels of protein structure?

    <p>Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements are found in polar molecules?

    <p>Oxygen (O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements are found in nonpolar molecules?

    <p>Carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between polar and nonpolar molecules?

    <p>Polar molecules have a positive and negative end, while nonpolar molecules do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is relatively weak and forms attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the water-based gel that makes up the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements are NOT found in polar molecules?

    <p>Carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond holds molecules together through attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?

    <p>They are primarily used for energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hydrogen bonds in biological systems?

    <p>To stabilize adjacent molecules and form arrays or crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of macromolecule is the primary source of cell energy?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of monosaccharides?

    <p>They are the most abundant structural components on earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids?

    <p>Chemical energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of biological macromolecules?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein?

    <p>The linear sequence of amino acids making up the polypeptide chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of protein structure involves the linking of polypeptide chains to form multisubunit functional proteins?

    <p>Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of noncovalent interaction is especially important in the behavior of water?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond holds molecules together through electrostatic attraction?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about polar molecules?

    <p>They have a net dipole moment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four levels of protein structure?

    <p>Primary structure, Secondary structure, Tertiary structure, Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein structure involves long strands or flattened sheets that resist pulling?

    <p>Secondary Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of noncovalent interaction occurs between R groups in the same polypeptide chain?

    <p>Van der Waals Interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is often covalently linked to another cysteine to help stabilize protein structure?

    <p>Disulfide Bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the linking of polypeptide chains to form a multisubunit functional protein?

    <p>Quaternary Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein structure can be stabilized by accessory proteins and may involve protein folding?

    <p>Tertiary Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein can assume two or more conformations, regulated by something binding to its non-active site?

    <p>Allosteric Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the part of a protein sequence that can function, evolve, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain?

    <p>Protein Domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the large conformational change that can occur in a protein through ATP hydrolysis?

    <p>Protein Folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are cellular motors able to move along a track?

    <p>ATP Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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