Exploring Biological Macromolecules
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about polar molecules?

  • They contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus atoms (correct)
  • They have covalent bonds
  • They contain carbon and hydrogen atoms
  • They have nonpolar bonds

Which of the following is true about noncovalent bonds?

  • They store energy for useful work
  • They are broken using enzymes (correct)
  • They are stronger than thermal energies of random collisions
  • They involve the sharing of electrons

Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

  • Ionic bond
  • Covalent bond (correct)
  • Hydrogen bond
  • van der Waals attraction

Which of the following is NOT a basic property of cells?

<p>They are all the same size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is relatively weak and forms attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

<p>Ionic bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of noncovalent interaction is especially important in the behavior of water?

<p>Hydrogen bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds molecules together through electrostatic attraction?

<p>Ionic bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure involves the linking of polypeptide chains to form multisubunit functional proteins?

<p>Quaternary Structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interaction helps stabilize protein structure through covalent linkage between cysteine residues?

<p>Disulfide bridges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins are composed of two or more distinct modules that fold independently of one another?

<p>Protein domains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for proteins that can adopt two or more conformations, regulated by something binding to its non-active site?

<p>Allosteric proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of a protein?

<p>The unique arrangement of amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of nucleotides?

<p>They are the monomers of nucleic acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha-helices?

<p>They can cross lipid bilayers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of protein structure?

<p>Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements are found in polar molecules?

<p>Oxygen (O) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements are found in nonpolar molecules?

<p>Carbon (C) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between polar and nonpolar molecules?

<p>Polar molecules have a positive and negative end, while nonpolar molecules do not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

<p>Covalent bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is relatively weak and forms attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

<p>Ionic bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the water-based gel that makes up the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Cytosol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements are NOT found in polar molecules?

<p>Carbon (C) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds molecules together through attractive forces between atoms of opposite charges?

<p>Ionic bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?

<p>They are primarily used for energy storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hydrogen bonds in biological systems?

<p>To stabilize adjacent molecules and form arrays or crystals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of macromolecule is the primary source of cell energy?

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of monosaccharides?

<p>They are the most abundant structural components on earth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?

<p>Covalent bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids?

<p>Chemical energy storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of biological macromolecules?

<p>Carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of a protein?

<p>The linear sequence of amino acids making up the polypeptide chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure involves the linking of polypeptide chains to form multisubunit functional proteins?

<p>Quaternary structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of noncovalent interaction is especially important in the behavior of water?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond holds molecules together through electrostatic attraction?

<p>Ionic bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about polar molecules?

<p>They have a net dipole moment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four levels of protein structure?

<p>Primary structure, Secondary structure, Tertiary structure, Quaternary structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein structure involves long strands or flattened sheets that resist pulling?

<p>Secondary Structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of noncovalent interaction occurs between R groups in the same polypeptide chain?

<p>Van der Waals Interaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is often covalently linked to another cysteine to help stabilize protein structure?

<p>Disulfide Bridge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the linking of polypeptide chains to form a multisubunit functional protein?

<p>Quaternary Structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein structure can be stabilized by accessory proteins and may involve protein folding?

<p>Tertiary Structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein can assume two or more conformations, regulated by something binding to its non-active site?

<p>Allosteric Protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the part of a protein sequence that can function, evolve, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain?

<p>Protein Domain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the large conformational change that can occur in a protein through ATP hydrolysis?

<p>Protein Folding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are cellular motors able to move along a track?

<p>ATP Hydrolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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